Biochemistry and Macromolecules
Atoms bonded together into a molecule.
What is a chemical compound?
Contains DNA, and regulates cell processes.
What is the nucleus?
The division of cells.
What is mitosis?
The process of plant cells converting sunlight into energy.
What is photosynthesis?
The organelle in a cell that has a goo-like texture and supends all of the other organelles in place.
What is cytoplasm?
The protein catalyst that speeds up reactions.
What is an enzyme?
The organelle responsible for cellular respiration and energy conversion.
What is the mitochondria?
The phase of the cell cycle that is the life of a cell before division.
What is interphase?
The organelle in eukaryotic cells where cellular respiration takes place.
What is the mitochondria?
Blank, “undifferentiated” cells, that go on to specialize in order to perform specific functions.
What are stem cells?
The molecule an enzyme acts on.
What is a substrate?
Packages and ships proteins out and around the cell.
What is the golgi apparatus?
The duplication of all chromosomes/DNA.
What is synthesis?
The energy created during cellular respiration that provides energy for the membrane, protein transport, building molecules, and cell division.
What is ATP?
The process of the carbon cycle where decaying carbon is turned into rock.
What is sedimentation?
A pure substance made of atoms with the same number of protons.
What is a chemical element?
A storage bag for water inside a cell, mostly only found in plant cells.
What is a vacuole?
A type of membrane transport where substances are move from low concentration to high concentration, requiring a lot of energy.
What is active tranport?
The process of cellular respiration in which all the remaining bonds of sugar are broken and energy is created.
What is the Krebs Cycle?
The process of programmed cell death, which the body can initiate to help the immune system prevent viral infections, and protect against cancer.
What is apoptosis?
A chemical bond where the electrons are shared equally between atoms.
What is a nonpolar bond?
The loose, unwound form of DNA.
What is a chromatin?
Specialized transporters located in the cell membrane.
What are protein channels?
The membrane sacs of chlorophyll inside the chloroplast where light-dependent reactions take place.
What is the thylacoid?
A process of mitosis where the cytoplasm and other organelles are divided to create a new cell.
What is cytokinesis?