1. Which lab instrument is used to separate cell parts during cell fractionation (spins)?
What is a centrifuge
100
19. What is a base?
a. A substance the releases –OH (hydroxide ions) when placed in a solution
100
29. The atomic number of a carbon atom is 6. How many neutrons does the isotope carbon-14 have?
8
100
40. In what ways do prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes?
a. do not have a membrane separating DNA from the rest of the cell.
100
61. Define exocytosis.
a. Release of materials from cell
200
4. Describe what the control is in an experiment?
variable that does not change
200
20. Hydrogen bonds between water molecules result from what?
uneven distribution in polar bonds between hydrogen and oxygen
200
31. What pH is considered to be acidic, basic, and neutral?
a. <7 = acidic 7= neutral >7 = basic
200
41. In the nucleus of a cell, the DNA is usually visible as what structure?
nucleolus
200
63. Define lysosome and its use.
a. Recycling center of cell. Contains digestive enzymes and low pH
300
5. What are the goals of science?
a. to investigate and understand the natural world
b. to explain events in the natural world
c. to use derived explanations to make useful predictions
300
22. Large carbohydrate molecules such as cellulose are known as which of the four macromolecules?
What is polysaccharides
300
34. What are the major functions of lipids in organisms?
a. storing energy.
b. supporting structures.
c. forming membranes.
300
48. What are two characteristics of ALL cells?
What is a. DNA and cell membrane
300
78. What are electron carrier molecules? (What is an example of an electron carrier)?
a. NADPH
400
8. What type of microscope would a scientist use to study a small organism without killing it?
compound light
400
24. What is the chemical formula for glucose?
a. C6H12O6.
400
35. What are the major functions of proteins in cells?
Wa. regulating cell processes.
b. transporting substances.
c. controlling reactions.
400
50. What is diffusion? Does it require energy?
a. Movement of molecules from area of high to low concentration. It doesn’t require energy.
400
76. What happens during the process of photosynthesis?
Wa. CO2 + water + sunlight glucose + O2
500
11. What are the 8 characteristic of living things?
a. made up of units called cells
b. reproduce
c. based on a universal genetic code
d. grow and develop
e. obtain and use materials and energy
f. respond to their environment
g. maintain a stable internal environment
h. change over time
500
27. What are the subunits of proteins and carbohydrates?
a. Amino acids and monosaccharides
500
37. What is the cell theory (what does it state)?
a. new cells are produced from existing cells
500
53. What are four characteristics of prokaryotes?
a. Prokaryotic cells have genetic material that is not contained in a nucleus.
b. Prokaryotes do not have membrane-bound organelles.
c. Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells.
d. All prokaryotes are Bacteria