Biochemistry
An enzyme speeds up the rate of a reaction by doing this.
What is lowering the activation energy?
This organelle is a system of channels that helps move materials throughout the cell.
What is the endoplasmic reticulum?
This type of cellular replication makes body cells identical to the parent.
What is mitosis?
This type of RNA carries the DNA code from the nucleus to the ribosome during protein synthesis.
What is mRNA?
This type of genotype combination results in 75% of offspring showing the dominant trait.
What is heterozygous (Aa) x heterozygous (Aa)?
Without nitrogen in the soil, plants struggle to make these building blocks of proteins.
What are amino acids?
The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide is an example of this process.
What is diffusion?
Cells use this molecule to store and transfer energy.
What is ATP?
This type of DNA is made when scientists combine genes from two different organisms—like putting a glowing jellyfish gene into a mouse.
What is recombinant DNA?
In an experiment testing the effect of temperature on bacteria growth, this is the independent variable.
What is temperature?
This water property helps move water from the roots to the leaves.
What is capillary action?
Unlike eukaryotes, prokaryotes do not have this structure.
What is membrane bound organelles? What is a nucleus?
These two processes form a cycle because the products of one are the reactants of another.
What are photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
This kind of gene mutation adds or deletes bases from a line of DNA, causing the entire frame of DNA to shift.
What is a frameshift mutation?
In a pedigree, a shaded circle represents this.
What is a female affected with the trait?
In a reaction diagram, this is the part where the enzyme fits the substrate like a lock and key.
What is the active site?
A plant cell shrinks after salt water is added. This happens because water does this.
What is moves out of the cell?
This organelle turns food into energy (ATP) during cellular respiration.
What is the mitochondria?
This project worked to map the entire human genome.
What is the Human Genome Project?
Bird wings and butterfly wings do the same job, but they have different structures inside. That makes them this kind of structure.
What are analogous structures?
This is the type of bond that holds hydrogen atoms to an oxygen atom in a water molecule.
What is a covalent bond?
If ribosomes stopped working, this cellular process will stop.
What is protein synthesis?
A zygote has 36 chromosomes. After mitosis, each new cell will have this many chromosomes.
What is 36?
This is the sugar found in RNA.
What is ribose?
To see if a new plant food works, a student tests two groups: one gets the food, and one does not. The group with no plant food is called this.
What is control group?