Homeostasis through Cell Transport
Explain how osmosis affects plant cells.
Osmosis causes water to enter plant cells, making them turgid and maintaining structure.
Name the four main types of biomolecules.
What are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids?
Where does transcription occur in the cell?
Transcription occurs in the nucleus.
Name one type of prokaryotic organism.
What is a bacterium?
What is the process by which molecules move across a cell membrane without energy input?
What is passive transport?
What is the primary function of carbohydrates in living organisms?
What is to provide energy?
What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?
What are transcription and translation?
What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do.
Describe the role of the sodium-potassium pump.
The sodium-potassium pump actively transports sodium out of and potassium into the cell.
What role do enzymes play in biological reactions?
Enzymes act as catalysts to speed up chemical reactions.
What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?
mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA to the ribosome.
How do prokaryotic cells reproduce?
What is asexually?
What is homeostasis? Give an example related to cell transport.
Homeostasis maintains stable internal conditions between the internal & external environments.
Describe the structure and function of DNA.
DNA is a double helix structure that stores genetic information.
Explain the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis.
Ribosomes are the sites where amino acids are assembled into proteins.
Describe one function of the nucleus in eukaryotic cells.
The nucleus houses the cell's DNA and regulates gene expression.
How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion requires transport proteins, while simple diffusion does not.
What is the role of lipids in the cell membrane?
Lipids form a bilayer (2), provides structure and regulates what enters and exits the cell.
What is a codon, and why is it important?
A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides that codes for a specific amino acid.
Compare the size of prokaryotic cells to eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller than eukaryotic cells.