Role of DNA
DNA´s role is:
Storing, Copying, transmitting genetic information
RNA is
a) Single stranded
b) Double stranded
a)Single Stranded
What are the four Different bases that RNA has?
Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine and Uracil
( A, C, G, U )
First step of DNA replication
DNA separates into two strands "Helicase"
What are Chromosmal Mutations?
Mutations that involves changes in the number or structure in chromosomes
What is DNA?
One difference betwen RNA and DNA
RNA has ribose and DNA has deoxyribose
RNA contains uracil and DNA contains thymine
RNA is single stranded and DNA is double stranded
Each three-letter "word" in mRNA is known as a
Codon
DNA polymerase
What is a mutation?
The changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA,
What does Frederick Griffith discovered
Discovered that information (genes) can be transformed and transfered from organismthing to another
What are the 3 types of RNA?
Messenger RNA
Ribosomal RNA
Transfer RNA
How many aminoacids are?
There are 20 amino acids
What are telomeres?
There are the tip of the chromosomes, difficult to replicate, lost in each replication
Causes of mutations
Stress
Error in DNA replication
Mutagens
What does the scientific Avery discovered?
He discovered that DNA is the transmitting factor og genes
What does the Transfer RNA do?
It carries aminoacids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message
What is a polypeptide?
Are long chains of aminoacids which proteins are made up
Base Pair
is a unit consisting of two nucleo base bound to each other by hydrogen bonds. They form the building blocks of the DNA double helix and contribute to the folded structure of both DNA and RNA. (A-T, G-C)
Mention a Harmful effect of mutation
Sickle cell disease
Cancer
Studied bacteriophages and DNA and protien coat lookin for which enter bacteria cells
Also grew viruses with radioactive isotopes (p-2 and S-35)
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
How does RNA transcription works?
In transcription, segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complementary RNA molecules
The decodinf of an mRNA message into a protein is a process known as...
Translation
Topoisomerase
What is polyploid?
Help: (A helpful effect of mutations)
The condition in which an organism has an extra set of chromosomes