Patterns of life
What are the two types of reproduction?
Asexual Reproduction and Sexual Reproduction
What element is found in all organic compounds?
Carbon
Why is water called the universal solvent?
because it can dissolve many different substances.
* Water is especially good at dissolving substances that are polar or charged.
What is the difference between an element and a compound?
An element has one type of atom. A compound has two or more different elements joined together.
In a chemical reaction, what are the starting materials called?
Describe metabolism
it is the combination of chemical reactions which an organism goes through to break down materials
Which type of carbon compound is the body's main source of quick energy?
Carbohydrates
What does it mean that water is a polar molecule?
Water has an uneven sharing of electrons, giving it slightly positive and slightly negative ends.
What are the major subatomic particles that make up an atom
Protons, neutrons, electrons
What are the substances made during a chemical reaction called?
Products
Name three things that all living things do.
Possible answers: grow, reproduce, use energy, respond to their surroundings, or contain cells.
What are the four major categories of macromolecules
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
what is cohesion and adhesion
cohesion is water sticking to water (same sticking to same) adhesion is when water sticks to other substances (one substance sticking to a different substance)
What happens when an atom loses an electron? Does it become positive or negative?
It becomes positively charged because it has more protons than electrons.
What is an enzyme
a substance, usually a protein, that speeds up a chemical reaction.
A plant bends toward sunlight. What basic feature of life does this show?
Living things respond to their surroundings.
Which type of carbon compound stores genetic information and gives cells instructions?
Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA.
Why can some insects walk on top of water without sinking?
Surface tension, caused by the attraction between water molecules.
What are the differences between ionic bonds and covalent bonds
Ionic bonds involve the complete transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.
What is activation energy?
The energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
Put these in order from smallest to largest: organ, cell, organism, tissue, organ system.
Cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism.
Which type of carbon compound builds muscles and helps speed up chemical reactions?
Proteins. (many enzymes are protiens)
Name 3 reasons why is water important to cells
it dissolves substances, transports materials, helps chemical reactions happen, helps control temperature, helps maintain proper pH, helps cells and tissues function properly.
Explain why isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties
they have the same number of protons and electrons
Why do enzymes help chemical reactions happen faster without being used up in the reaction?
Enzymes lower the activation energy needed for a reaction to happen, and they can be used again after the reaction is finished.