Cellular Energy
Photosynthesis can be modeled by its overall chemical reaction. Which two compounds are the inputs, or reactants, of this reaction?
A. Glucose and Oxygen
B. Carbon Dioxide and Water
C. Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen
D. Water and Oxygen
B. Carbon Dioxide and Water
In order for a cell to divide successfully, the cell must first
A. Decrease its number of chromosomes
B. Decrease its volume
C. Duplicate its organelles
D. Eject all of its internal contents
Sister chromatids are attached to each other at an area called the
A. Centriole
B. Centromere
C. Spindle
D. Chromosome
B. Centromere
A nucleotide does not contain
A. A 5-carbon sugar
B. An amino acid
C. A nitrogen base
D. A phosphate group
B. An amino acid
Which statement describes how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are interrelated?
A. Oxygen is produced during cellular respiration and stored during photosynthesis
B. Carbon dioxide and water released by cellular respiration are used in photosynthesis
C. Photosynthesis releases the energy that is stored during the process of cellular respiration
D. Glucose is used during cellular respiration to produce food that is broken down during photosynthesis.
B. Carbon dioxide and water released by cellular respiration are used in photosynthesis
Which statement does NOT describe external regulatory proteins?
A. They respond to events occurring inside a cell
B. Growth factors are one group of external regulatory proteins
C. They can speed up or slow down the cell cycle
D. Some can cause cells to slow down or stop their cell cycles
A. They respond to events occurring inside a cell
If a cell has 10 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each of its daughter cells have after mitosis and cytokinesis?
A. 20
B. 5
C. 15
D. 10
D. 10
If DNA has the following coding sequence: AATCGA, what bases will be on the opposite (antiparallel) strand?
A. TTAGCA
B. GGAGCA
C. TTAGCT
D. CCAGCA
C. TTAGCT
Compared to aerobic respiration, the process of fermentation provides which of these advantages to the cell?
A. Fermentation can occur without glucose
B. Fermentation can occur without producing wastes
C. Fermentation produces more ATP per glucose molecule
D. Fermentation can occur without oxygen
D. Fermentation can occur without oxygen
Which of the following is not a step in apoptosis?
A. The cell and chromatin shrink
B. Parts of the cell membrane break off
C. Neighboring cells clean up the remains
D. DNA inside of the nucleus duplicates
D. DNA inside of the nucleus duplicates
How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?
A. Asexual reproduction requires two parents and sexual reproduction requires only one parent
B. Sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires only one parent
C. Mutation rates are lower in sexual reproduction than in asexual reproduction
D. Asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organisms
B. Sexual reproduction requires two parents and asexual reproduction requires only one parent
What is a carcinogen
A. External factors that may cause damage to DNA, leading to cancer
B. A type of malignant tumor
C. An important protein used in the cell cycle
D. A type of chemical that speeds up the rate of cell division
A. External factors that may cause damage to DNA, leading to cancer
In which ways are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
A. Cellular respiration stores ATP, which photosynthesis releases ADP
B. Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen
C. Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy
D. Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide
D. Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide
Smoking and sun exposure have both been shown to be factors in causing cancer. How are cancer cells different from normal cells?
A. Cancer cells do not replicate their chromosomes because their cell cycle does not include interphase
B. Cancer cells do not divide because they do not respond to signals that control mitosis
C. Cancer cells grow and divide uncontrollably because they do not respond to signals that control the cell cycle
D. Cancer cells grow uncontrollably because they do not respond to signals form cell plates
C. Cancer cells grow and divide uncontrollably because they do not respond to signals that control the cell cycle
A cow has 60 chromosomes in each of its body cells. How does mitosis function to maintain this number of chromosomes?
A. Chromosomes are replicated during the synthesis phase of the cell cycle and separated during anaphase
B. Chromosomes are replicated in prophases and separated in telophase
C. Chromosomes are separated in anaphase and then replicated in telophase
D. Chromosomes are replicated and separated into daughter cells during mitosis
A. Chromosomes are replicated during the synthesis phase of the cell cycle and separated during anaphase
How are individual nucleotides bonded on a strand of DNA?
A. By hydrogen bonds between 5-carbon sugars
B. By bonds between a shared phosphate group
C. By ionic bonds formed in the 5-carbon sugars
D. By the extra oxygen found in the ribose group
B. By bonds between a shared phosphate group
Which of the following molecules is used as an electron carrier during photosynthesis? Hint: This is its “before” state.
A. ATP
B. NADPH
C. NADP+
D. AARP
C. NADP+
The timing in the cell cycle in eukaryotic cells is believed to be controlled by a group of closely related proteins known as
A. Chromatids
B. Centromeres
C. Cyclins
D. Centrioles
C. Cyclins
During which phase of mitosis does a cell line up its chromosomes down the center?
A. Anaphase
B. Metaphase
C. Telophase
D. Prophase
B. Metaphase
If 20% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine, T, what percentage of the sample is made up of cytosine, C?
A. 15%
B. 30%
C. 35%
D. 50%
B. 30%
Which organelles do cellular respiration and photosynthesis occur? Specify which process occurs where
Cellular respiration: mitochondria
Photosynthesis: chlorophyll