Regents Level # 1
Damage to which structure will most directly disrupt water balance within a single-celled organism?
A) ribosome
B) cell membrane
C) nucleus
D) chloroplast
B) cell membrane
The production of alcohol by yeast cells is the result of
A) fermentation
B) aerobic respiration
C) budding
D) dehydration synthesis
A) fermentation
A student added 10 mL of a yeast suspension and 10 mL of 30°C water to each of two test tubes. Five grams of sugar was then added to one of the test tubes. Both test tubes were gently swirled to mix the contents, and then the test tubes were placed in a warm water bath for 15 minutes. The student made observations of any bubbles that formed in the test tubes and recorded the data in a table.
This experiment was most likely carried out to investigate the
A) effect of sugar on a metabolic activity of yeast
B) effect of temperature on a metabolic activity of yeast
C) solubility of yeast in water at 30°C
D) solubility of sugar in a yeast suspension
A) effect of sugar on a metabolic activity of yeast
A red blood cell placed in distilled water will swell and burst due to the diffusion of
A) salt from the red blood cell into the water
B) water into the red blood cell
C) water from the blood cell into its environment
D) salt from the water into the red blood cell
B) water into the red blood cell
The products produced by yeast cells as a result of anaerobic respiration include ATP and
A) alcohol and oxygen
B) alcohol and carbon dioxide
C) water and oxygen
D) water and carbon dioxide
B) alcohol and carbon dioxide
Write the process of photosynthess in the form of an equation.
CO2+H2O (SUNLIGHT) --> O2 + Glucose
A structure that performs a specialized function within a cell is known as
A) a tissue
B) an organelle
C) an organ
D) a system
B) an organelle
The main result of aerobic respiration is the
A) conversion of radiant energy into chemical energy
B) production of lactic acid as an end product
C) storage of energy in a polysaccharide
D) production of ATP from the breakdown of glucose
D) production of ATP from the breakdown of glucose
Write the process of cellular respiration in the form of an equation.
O2 + Glucose --> CO2 + ATP + Water
What organelle releases energy for metabolic activity in cells?
A) chloroplast
B) ribosome
C) mitochondrion
D) vacuole
C) mitochondrion
An individual running a marathon may experience periods of oxygen deprivation that can lead to
A) anaerobic respiration in muscle cells, forming lactic acid
B) aerobic respiration in muscle cells, generating glycogen
C) anaerobic respiration in liver cells, producing glucose
D) aerobic respiration in liver cells, synthesizing alcohol
A) anaerobic respiration in muscle cells, forming lactic acid
Human red blood cells placed in a 2 % salt solution appear to shrink, but those placed in a 0.4 % salt solution burst. Explain why this happens.
The red blood cells burst in the salt solution because osmosis may occur in either direction across the cell membrane.