Atoms
the number of electrons in a neutral atom is found by looking at this
atomic number
opposite charges between ions form this type of bond
ionic bond
the weakest force between molecules
van der Waals forces
the property of water that allows it to stick to itself
cohesion
any substance which releases hydrogen ions when put into water
acid
an atom with a positive or negative charge, caused by losing or gaining electrons
ion
unequal sharing of electrons form this bond
polar covalent bond
a bond formed between hydrogen in a polar molecule & another atom in a polar molecule
the property of water which allows it to stick to other polar or ionic substances
adhesion
a substance with a pH over 7
base
the particles contained in the nucleus of an atom
protons and neutrons
atoms within molecules are held together with this type of bond
covalent bonds
water has several properties that make it an important molecule due to what type of bonding
hydrogen bond
ice floats on top of water because of this
liquid water is more dense than solid ice
any substance which "absorbs" hydrogen from a water solution
base
the number of neutrons in an atom is found by doing what
subtracting # of protons from the mass
equal sharing of electrons form this bond
non polar covalent bond
a molecule that has a partially positive end and partially negative end is this
polar
water is liquid at a wide range of temperatures because of this
high heat capacity; it takes a lot of energy to heat it up and must release a lot of energy to cool down
any substance with pH under 7
acid
atoms in the same element with different masses
isotope
crystals are held together by this bond
ionic bond
molecules that are not attracted to water are this
hydrophobic
the boiling point and melting point of water
100/0 or 212/32
a chemical which can either add hydrogen ions or remove them from a solution, depending on what is needed
buffer