Origin of Life
Evidence of Evolution I
Evidence of Evolution II
Hominids/Scientists and the Discovers
Miscellaneous
100
All life on earth is said to have evolved from _______.
one common ancestor a simple single-cellular organism.
100
evolution is a process by which the gene pool of a(n) _______________ changes over time
What is an species
100
Name the theory that explains how organisms change because of adaptations that help them survive
What is natural selection
100
this group includes humans and humanlike relatives
What are hominids
100
The changes in a population over time
Evolution
200
What is abiogenesis?
Living matter arising from non-living matter
200
These are the preserved remains of ancient organisms found in geologic rock records.
What are fossils
200
Similarities like elbows in the front limbs of mammals such as bats, penguins and alligators
What are homologus structures
200
Darwin based his theory on two ideas:
Variations- Differences among individuals of a species
Natural Selection- Nature selects any trait that increases an organism’s ability to survive and reproduce
200
What is the different between camouflage and mimicry? What makes them similar?
Camouflage is when an organism blends in with its surroundings, while mimicry is when an organism looks like another organism. Both techniques help organisms survive by making them less visible to predators.
300
What theory states the following?
The first organisms were heterotrophic and anaerobic bacteria that released CO2
THEN autotrophs evolved that used CO2
FINALLY aerobic heterotrophs evolved that used O2 released from the autotrophs
Heterotroph Hypothesis
300
If this DNA change creates a new trait in an offspring that is advantageous for survival, that offspring will have a much greater likelihood of
reproducing and passing its genes on to future generations
300
This is the success of passing genes to the next generation.
Fitness
300
Who discovered the endosymbiotic theory?
Lynn Margulis
300
Dinosaurs no longer exist, they are said to be
What is extinct
400
What is the endosymbiotic theory state?
The endosymbiotic theory explains how organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells originated from prokaryotic cells. The theory suggests that these prokaryotes were once free-living cells that were engulfed by a larger cell and became organelles through a symbiotic relationship.
400
These served a purpose on our bodies at one time, but they don't anymore
What are vestigal structures
400
In order for a species to change over time, changes must occur in that species’ _______to create new traits in offspring.
DNA, genes
400
They found that organic molecules could be spontaneously produced under reducing conditions thought to resemble those of early Earth.
400
Genetic drift is _________ in allele frequency.
Random change
500
Conditions on primitive Earth that lead to the abiogenesis theory
Gases: Water vapor, nitrogen, hydrogen, and ammonia (NH3)
Volcanic activity and Barely an Atmosphere
Energy: Lightning generated from heat
Organic compounds began to form and became more complex
500
These are similar features in different species that have different structures and evolutionary origins, but serve the same function.
Analogous structures
500
A Directional, B Disruptive, and C Stabilizing Graph
500
These three things are evolved from hominids to present day humans
What are Skull/Brain/Jaw size increased, Bipedalism/Spine & Feet, and Language/Culture/Tool Use
500
What are the two types of genetic drift and what makes them different from one another...explain.
Bottleneck is a dramatic reduction in a population's size due to a natural disaster/human involvement. This can lead to a loss of genetic diversity and the evolution of new species. Founders effect occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population. The new population has less genetic diversity than the original population.