Unit 1 Foundations of biology
What makes up all living things?
Cells
What is an isotope?
Atoms from the same element with the same number of protons and the same atomic number.
What four molecules do proteins contain?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen
CHON
What is the difference between Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic?
Eukaryotic cells are living and prokaryotic cells are non-living.
What is an Ionic Bond?
When Electrons are completely transferred from one atom to another.
What is an example of homeostasis?
Ex. Sweating, fever, Blood clotting, Insulin production.
Is water considered a universal solute or solvent?
Universal Solvent.
Describe the function of ATP. What macromolecule is it considered?
ATP stores energy for the cell; it is released by breaking its phosphate bonds. It is a Nucleotide.
What is the difference between an anion and a cation?
Anions are negatively charged; Cations are positively charged.
Define Homeostasis.
The process of maintaining stability/life.
What are the characteristics of life?
Have cells, Growth and development, movement, and reproduction
What is the difference between a covalent and an ionic bond?
Ionic bonds completely transfer electrons from one atom to another. Covalent bonds share electrons between atoms.
What are examples of the Main 4 Macromolecules?
Lipids: Fats ( Butter, body fat), steroids
Carbs: Glucose, Fructose, Sucrose, cellulose, starches, sugars
Proteins: Collagen, hemoglobin, enzymes
True or false: Most chemical reactions are reversible.
How many valence electrons are needed for an atom to be balanced?
8
What's the difference between control and experimental group
Control groups are unaffected by what is being manipulated in an experiment, and experimental groups are affected.
What happens when an acid and a base react together?
Neutralization.
What is dehydration synthesis?
Where two molecules bond by removing a water Molecule, resulting in a polymer such as maltose.
What is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
Bacteria
True or false: Water is an organic molecule.
False
Water is inorganic
What are the levels of ecological organization in order from smallest to largest?
Organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere.
When monomers are joined to form polymers through the removal of water molecules, it is a ______.
Synthesis Reaction.
What are the monomers for the main 4 macromolecules?
Lipids: Fatty acids
Carbohydrate: Monosaccharides
Proteins: Amino acids
Nucleic Acids: Nucleotides
Define molecule.
Two or more atoms of the same element combined chemically.
True or false: Water makes up 40-80% of all organisms.
True