Vocabulary
What is the skeletal system?
The skeletal system is made up of bones, cartilage, and connective tissue. The skeletal system protects your internal organs, stores minerals and fat, help with movement, and create blood cells.
Describe a ball-and-socket joint.
Ball and socket joints let you move your bone freely in all directions. You have a ball-and-socket joint at your femur and pelvic girdle and at your humerus and clavicle.
What is the patella?
The knee.
What is the difference between the ulna and the radius.
The radius and ulna are both bones in the lower arm. The ulna is on the pinky side of the arm, and the radius is on the thumb sidee.
What is the difference between spongey and compact bone?
Compact bone is rigid and dense. Small canals in compact bone contain small blood vessels. Spongey bone has many open spaces and provides most of the support and stregnth of the bone.
Describe bones in detail.
Bones help protect internal organs from damage. The skeletal muscles pull on bones to produce movement. The average adult has 206 bones. Bones contain red bone marrow, which helps create blood cells. Yellow bone marrow stores fat and minerals and is found in the central cavity of adult long bones.
Describe a hinge joint.
A hinge joint allows yu to flex and extend your bones. You have a pivot joint between the patella, tibia, and fibula, and between the humerus, ulna, and radius.
What is the sternum?
The breastbone.
What is the difference between the tibia and fibula?
The tibia and fibula are bothe bones of the lower leg. The tibia is the thicker bone on the big toe side of your leg, and the fibula is the finer (thinner) bone on the pinky toe side of the lower leg.
What is the difference between a sprain and a fracture?
A fracture is a break in the bone. A sprain is when a ligament is stretched too far or torn.
What is a ligament?
Ligaments are strong, elastic bands of connnective tissue that connect bones in a joint.
Describe a pivot joint.
Pivot joints allow rotation (side to side) movement only. You have a pivot joint in the neck and the wrist.
What is the purpose of the rib cage?
To protect underlying organs like the lungs and heart.
What are the 3 parts of the hand?
The 3 parts of the hand are the phalanges (fingertips), the metacarpals (between the phalanges and carpals), and the carpals (the wrist bone).
What is a dislocation?
A dislocation is when a bone is moved out of place.
What is cartilage?
Cartilage is a thin and flexible tissue that is located at the top of your ears, the tip of your nose, and at all joints.
What is a fixed joint?
Fixed joints are joints that allow little to no movement. You have fixed joints at the sacrum and coccyx, and in the skull.
What is the bone that protects the spinal cord?
The vertebral column.
What are the 3 parts of the feet?
The 3 parts of the feet are the tarsals (ankle bone), the metatarsals (between carpals and phalanges), and the phalanges (toes).
What is arthritis?
Arthritis is a disease that makes joints swell up and stiffen.
Describe a joint.
A place where 2 or more bones meet is called a joint. Your joints allow your body to move when your muscles contract.
What is a gliding joint?
Gliding joints allow bones to glide over one another and gives some flexibility. They are found at the ankles/feet and hands/wrist.
Were is the pelvic girdle and what are the parts of it?
The pelvic girdle/pelvis is the hipbone. The ilium is the largest bone in the hip. The coccyx is the tailbone. The sacrum is at the end of thee vertebral column and supports the pelic girdle.
Describe the mandible and cranium.
The mandible is the jaw bone. The cranium is the front part of the skull.
What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a disease that causes bones to become less dense. The bones become weak and easier to break.