Homeostasis
The process of regulating and balacing levels withing living things to maintain a constant level.
What is homeostasis?
The molecule that carries genetic instructions. Found in the nucleus. Made of 4 bases: A,T,C,G. Base pairing rule: A pairs with T; C pairs with G.
What is DNA?
The process by which body cells make genetically identical copies for the purpose of growth or repair.
What is mitosis?
A characteristic that can be passed from parents to offspring through genes.
What is a heritable trait/variation?
The variety of different species in an ecosystem. Higher biodiversity = healthier, more stable ecosystems.
What is Biodiversity?
Plants use sunlight, CO2, and H2O, to make glucose (C6H12O6). Happens in chloroplasts.
What is photosynthesis?
A copy of a DNA gene mode during transcription. It leaves the nucleus and carries instructions to the ribosome. Uses A,U,C,and G (U replaces T).
What is mRNA (messenger RNA)?
The process by which testes and ovaries make genetically unique sperm or egg cells to used in sexual reproduction to increase genetic diversity.
What is meiosis?
The process where individuals with traits better suited to their environment survive longer, reproduce more, and pass those traits to offspring? Over time, the population changes.
What is artificial selection?
Cells Break down glucose (C6H12O6) and O2 to release energy (ATP) and CO2 and H2O. Happens in the mitochondria.
What is Cellular Respiration?
Copying a DNA dequence into mRNA. Happens in the nucleus.
What is transcription?
What is fertilization?
An ancestral species that two or more modern species descended from. Evidence includes similar DNA sequences, similar bone structures, or transistional fossils.
What is a common ancestor?
The process of plants and animals using carbon dioxide and glucose causing carbon to move through the biospheres, lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere.
What is carbon cycling?
What is negative feedback?
Reading mRNA codons to build a protein. Happens at the ribosomes. mRNA->Protein (amino acid chaing).
What is translation?
A cell that contains half the normal number of chromosomes for that species (23 in humans)
What is haploid?
When two unrelated species develop SIMILAR traits because they live in similar environments. Ex. Sharks and dolphins, bats and birds.
What is convergent evolution?
A "step" in a food chain. Producers are level 1. Herbivores are level 2. Carnivores are level 3 and up.
What is a Trophic Level?
A process in which the goal is to increase the response. Ex. Platelests releasing cytokines to form a scab.
What is a positive feedback loop?
When methyl groups (CH3) attach to DNA and BLOCK transcription. The gene is silenced without changing the DNA sequence.
What is methylation?
The process by which cells with identical DNA use specific genes to become different cell types. Ex. Muscle Cell, Red Blood Cell, Nerve Cell, Skin Cell.
What is differentiation?
Structures in living things that have a similar form and parts, but different functions. Ex. A human hand, bat's wing, cat's paw, and whale's flipper.
What are homologous structures?
The maximum number of individuals an ecosystem can support. When resources run low, the population drops.
What is carrying capacity?