MICROORGANISMS
1. What is a microorganism?
A microorganism is a very tiny living thing that can only be seen with a microscope.
7. What is a microscope used for?
To see very small objects that cannot be seen with the naked eye.
13. What is a cell?
A cell is the smallest unit of a living organism.
What is nutrition in living organisms?
Nutrition is the process by which organisms obtain and use food for energy, growth, and repair.
What is a specialized cell?
A specialized cell is a cell that has a specific structure and function to perform a particular task in an organism.
2. Name three types of microorganisms.
Bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
8. Which part of the microscope do you look through?
➡️ The eyepiece lens.
Name one part found in both plant and animal cells.
Nucleus (also: cell membrane or cytoplasm
Give one way in which humans excrete waste.
Examples include: urination, sweating, exhaling carbon dioxide.
Name two specialized cells found in humans.
Red blood cells, Sperm cells, Nerve cells, Ciliated cells
3. Where can microorganisms be found?
Almost everywhere: in air, water, soil, food, and inside living things.
9. What part holds the slide in place?
The stage (or stage clips).
16. What is the function of the nucleus?
It controls the activities of the cell.
Explain why reproduction is important for living organisms.
Reproduction ensures the survival of the species by producing offspring.
State the main function of a red blood cell.
Red blood cells transport oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
4. Give one helpful microorganism.
Yeast (used in baking bread).
10. What does the objective lens do?
It magnifies (makes the object look bigger).
Which part is only found in plant cells?
Cell wall (also chloroplasts).
Describe the difference between growth and development.
Growth is an increase in size or mass, while development is the process of becoming more complex or mature.
What is the function of ciliated cells and where are they found?
Ciliated cells have tiny hair-like structures (cilia) that move in a wave-like manner to push substances, such as mucus, along. They are found in the respiratory tract.
5. Give one harmful microorganism.
➡️ Bacteria that cause food poisoning.
10. What does the objective lens do?
It magnifies (makes the object look bigger).
What is the function of the cell wall?
It supports and protects the cell.
A plant grows towards a light source.
a) Which characteristic of living organisms is shown?
Sensitivity (response to stimuli)
A nerve cell, a red blood cell, and a sperm cell are placed under a microscope. Which cell would you expect to see moving, and why?
The sperm cell would move because it has a tail (flagellum) and mitochondria for energy, which allow it to swim.
Red blood cells and nerve cells do not move on their own.