Linear n Angular Motion
What type of motion occurs when a sprinter runs in a straight line?
Linear motion
Newton’s 1st Law is also known as the Law of _______.
Inertia
Name one factor that affects the flight path of a projectile.
Angle, speed, or height of release
What are the three components of a lever system?
Axis (fulcrum), Force (effort), Resistance (load)
Which law explains why athletes need to push harder off the ground to accelerate faster?
Newton’s 2nd Law
What is the equation for momentum?
Momentum = mass × velocity
What does Newton’s 2nd Law state about force and acceleration?
Force = mass × acceleration (F = m × a)
What angle of release gives maximum horizontal distance?
Around 45°
In a bicep curl, what acts as the axis?
The elbow joint
When a soccer player kicks a ball, which energy system produces the force?
Muscular system generating mechanical force
What does “impulse” measure?
The change in momentum caused by a force applied over time
Give a sporting example of Newton’s 3rd Law.
A swimmer pushes water backward, and the water pushes them forward
How does a higher release point affect flight time?
Increases flight time and distance
What type of lever is most common in the human body?
Third-class lever
True or False: Momentum can exist without velocity.
False
When a gymnast spins on the high bar, what type of motion is this?
Angular motion
According to Newton’s 1st Law, why does a soccer ball stop rolling?
Friction (an external force) acts on it
If a javelin thrower releases with more speed, what happens to distance?
Distance increases
Why do third-class levers favour speed and range of motion over force?
The effort is closer to the axis, making movement faster but less forceful
Why is a high jump technique focused on optimizing the angle of release?
To achieve maximum height and flight path
How can increasing the time of impact (like bending your knees when landing) reduce injury?
It spreads the force over a longer time, reducing the impact on the body
If you double the force on an object but keep mass the same, what happens to acceleration?
It doubles
Once a ball leaves the hand, what two forces act on it?
Gravity and air resistance
What does “mechanical advantage” mean?
How efficiently a lever can multiply force
How do all biomechanical principles work together in a basketball jump shot?
Force and momentum create lift, Newton’s laws describe motion, projectile motion predicts the ball’s path, and levers generate speed and power