Medication Basics
These drugs treat depression by increasing serotonin levels.
What are antidepressants?
A treatment that induces a controlled seizure to reduce severe depression.
What is ECT?
Neurotransmitter targeted by SSRIs.
What is serotonin?
Early supernatural treatment that involved drilling holes in the skull.
What is trepanation?
A common short-term side effect of ECT affects memory.
What is memory loss?
Drugs that mimic neurotransmitters and increase their activity.
What are agonists?
A noninvasive treatment that uses magnetic pulses on brain regions.
What is rTMS?
Low levels of this neurotransmitter are associated with Parkinson’s disease and some mental disorders.
What is dopamine?
This psychosurgery cut pathways in the frontal lobes.
What is a lobotomy?
Long-term antipsychotic use may cause this involuntary movement disorder.
What is tardive dyskinesia?
These drugs treat bipolar disorder by stabilizing mood.
What are mood stabilizers?
This therapy is similar to ECT but uses magnetic pulses to induce seizures.
Magnetic Seizure therapy
Neurotransmitter involved in learning and memory; excessive amounts may lead to seizures.
What is glutamate?
This was one primitive method believed to release evil spirits from the mentally ill.
What is exorcism?
SSRIs may initially increase these types of symptoms in some patients.
What are anxiety symptoms?
Antipsychotic medications primarily reduce this neurotransmitter’s activity.
What is dopamine?
In VNS, an implanted device stimulates this nerve.
What is the vagus nerve?
A drug that blocks a neurotransmitter from binding is called this.
What is an antagonist?
Modern biomedical therapy replaced many of these outdated, invasive procedures.
What are psychotropic medications?
Lithium levels must be monitored because of the risk of this.
What is lithium toxicity?
Benzodiazepines enhance the activity of this calming neurotransmitter.
What is GABA?
Treatment that involves surgically implanted electrodes in the brain.
What is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)?
Condition where drugs build up due to slow metabolism, increasing risk of severe reactions.
What is toxicity?
The procedure that won a Nobel Prize but is now condemned due to irreversible harm.
What is the lobotomy?
Severe side effect of antipsychotics involving rigidity, fever, and confusion.
What is neuroleptic malignant syndrome?