Carbohydrates
bond formed using the dehydration reaction
glycosidic linkages
Proteins are linked together by
dehydration reaction--> peptide bonds
Lipids are hydro.....
hydrophobic
Nucleic acids are made up of
nitrogen-containing bases, phosphate groups, and sugar molecules or nucleotides
What bond connects monomers
Covalent bond
Carbohydrates are called ___ , made from subunits called___
- polysaccharides
-monosaccharides
The process in which a protein unravels and loses it's shape
-polypeptides
-amino acids
Fats are called ___ bonded through ____
- triglycerides
- ester linkages
form long polymer chains of nucleotides
RNA and DNA
How are polymers made and broken down
Dehydration reaction and broken through hydrolysis
These 5 are carbohydrates
Sugars, Starches, Glycogen, Fibers, Chitin
-polypeptides
-amino acids
The difference between saturated and unsaturated fats
saturated have no double bond and remain solid, while unsaturated have double bonds remaining liquid
nucleotides are composed of
ribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Group that is needed to form glucose rings
hydroxyl group
Glycogen is used by animals to
Store energy, being quickly released when needed to run from predators
The basic structures in amino acids
amino group, carboxyl group, a central carbon, an R group
high levels of it can risk heart disease and it's found in your blood and cell membranes
cholesterol
Nitrogen bases in DNA
adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
Foods that contain starch
potatoes, corn, bread products
Three type of sugars and their differences
Monosaccharides- single monomers
Disaccharides- two linked monomers
Oligosaccharides- more than two monomers
Binding site in an enzyme
active site
amphipathic molecules with polar heads that are hydrophilic and nonpolar fatty acid tails are hydrophobic
Phospholipids
act of breaking a nucleotide bond between the first two phosphates
phosphodiester bond
Structure that carboxyl group and amino creates hydrogen bonds between them creating the alpha helix and beta pleated sheets.
secondary