protein
why are Proteins essential
Proteins are essential to the structures and functions of life
how do carbohydrates served
Carbohydrates serve as a cell’s fuel and building material.
what type of molecule are lipids
Lipids are hydrophobic molecules with diverse functions
what is nucleic acids job
Nucleic acids store, transmit, and help express hereditary information
how does A cell’s metabolic reactions transform energy
using ATP to drive cellular work.
how many amino acids do protein have
20
what is glucose
a common monosaccharide of central importance in the chemistry of life
are lipids hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
hydrophobic
what is gene
a discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA
enzyme function
Enzymes speed up a cell’s chemical reactions and provide precise control of metabolism.
what is amino acid
an organic molecule containing a carboxyl group and amino group, serves as the monomer of proteins.
whats another word for monosaccharides
simple sugars
what is a fat?
large lipid made from two kinds of smaller molecules
monomers that make up nucleic acids, what are they called?
nucleotides
Can you identify six different types of functions of proteins in a plasma membrane?
Attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM, signal reception and relay, enzymatic activity, cell-cell recognition, intercellular joining, and transport
how many levels of structure does protein have
4
main fuel molecules for cellular work.
monosaccharides
do unsaturated fatty acid solidify at room temperature?
no
what is polynucleotide build from
monomers by dehydration
In the origin of a cell, why would the formation of a simple lipid bilayer membrane not be sufficient? What else would have to be part of such a membrane?
The membrane would need embedded proteins that could regulate the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
by what process do you digest the proteins you eat into their individual amino acids?
by hydrolysis, adding a molecule of water back to break each peptide bond
what is a disaccharide
a sugar molecule consisting of two monosaccharides linked by a dehydration reaction
do saturated fatty acid soliodify at room temperature
yes
whats is a double helix
the form of native DNA, referring to its two adjacent polynucleotide strands interwound into spiral shape
Why is diffusion across a membrane called passive transport?
The cell does not expend energy to transport substances that are diffusing down their concentration gradients.