Biomolecules Basics
The 4 types of biomolecules are:
Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins and Nucleic acids
Where can we find carbohydrates?
Bread, rice, green banana, sugars, fruits, etc
Lipids classification
Lipids, oils, and waxes
Phospholipids
Steroids
Sources of protein:
animal tissue, plant tissue
Examples of nucleic acids
DNA and RNA
Biomolecules are usually composed of the following elements:
C, H, O, N, P, S
Monosaccharides, Disaccharides and Polisaccharides
Main difference between fats and oils
Proteins are made of:
amino acids
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Ácido desoxiribonucleico
Living systems are made of various complex biomolecules.
Essential for the functioning and the structure of living organisms
Involved in biological processes
What are carbohydrates and its main function?
Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, typically with the hydrogen and oxygen in a 2:1 ratio, as in water. They are one of the main types of nutrients and serve as a significant source of energy for the body.
Where can we find waxes?
Where can we find waxes?
Plants coating, animal fur
What are the different levels of protein structure?
Primary, secondary, terciart and quaternary
Main function of nucleic acids?
They carry genetic informacion
Biomolecules importance in daily life
Nutrition, research, medicine, industry and technology
Galactose is an example of:
Monosaccharide
Main difference between steroids and other lipids
Ring structure
Examples of proteins:
Insulin, collagen, keratin, hemoglobin, antibodies, etc
sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous bases
Carbohydrates: sucrose, glucose, lactose, galactose, starch, etc
Lipids: fat, wax, phospholipids, triglicerids, esteroids, etc
Proteins: insulin, hemoglobin, keratin, etc
Nucleic acids: DNA, and RNA
Energy storage for plants and for animals
Starch and glycogen
What are phospolipids?
Phospholipids are a type of lipid molecule that are a major component of all cell membranes. They are unique because they have both hydrophobic (water-repelling) and hydrophilic (water-attracting) properties, which makes them essential for forming cellular membranes
What are enzymes?
Enzymes are specialized proteins that act as catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions without being consumed themselves. They are highly specific to the substrates they work with, allowing them to efficiently catalyze targeted reactions.
Main differences between DNA and RNA
sugars: deoxyribose and ribose
structure: double helix and single helix