Carbon
What is the atomic number of carbon?
6
What is the simplest type of carbohydrate?
Sugar (monosaccharides)
What are proteins made of?
Amino acids
What is the main function of lipids in the body?
Store energy
What are nucleic acids made of?
Nucleotides
What type of bond does carbon form with other atoms?
Covalent
What sugar is our main source of energy?
Glucose
What type of bond links amino acids?
Peptide bonds
What are lipids made of?
Fatty acids and glycerol
Name the two types of nucleic acids.
DNA and RNA
Name one common form of carbon found in nature.
Diamond or graphite
What process do plants use to make carbohydrates?
Photosynthesis
What is the main function of proteins in the body?
Build and repair tissues
What type of lipid makes up cell membranes?
Phospholipids
What is the job of DNA?
Store genetic information
How many bonds can carbon form?
4
What is the main function of carbohydrates?
Provide energy
What do enzymes do?
Help speed up chemical reactions
What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
Saturated fats are solid, and unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature.
What are the building blocks of DNA called?
Adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine
Why is carbon important in living things?
It forms the backbone of molecules like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids.
What do sugar molecules form when they join together?
Larger carbohydrates like starch or cellulose.
What happens to a protein when it is heated too much?
It changes shape and stops working (denaturation).
Why are lipids important for hormones?
They help make hormones like estrogen and testosterone.
Why is transcription important in cells?
It helps make RNA, which carries instructions from DNA to make proteins.