Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates like starches are polymers, often constructed from this monomer
What is Glucose? (Sugar)
This is the complimentary base to Adenine.
What is Thymine?
Lipids in the body can be used as shock absorbers for these.
What are organs?
What is covalent?
Polysaccharides
What are glycosidic?
When present in food, starch reacts with this chemical, often used as an antiseptic, turning brown/black.
What is Iodine?
The double helix structure of DNA relies on this 'backbone'.
What is the sugar-phosphate backbone?
These fatty acids and named as such because they have no double bonds in their carbon chain.
What are saturated fatty acids?
Haemoglobin is an example of this type of protein structure.
What is quaternary?
Proteins
What are Peptide bonds?
Amylose requires the enzyme Amylase to break down, via this chemical reaction.
What is Hydrolysis?
This is the sugar present in DNA.
What is Deoxyribose?
These fatty acids are named because of where their double bond sits on the carbon chain. Give me both, no fishy business.
What are Omega-3 and Omega-6?
Humans need to eat certain foods to get these for building certain proteins in the body they wouldn't be able to otherwise.
What are essential amino acids?
Lipids
What are esters?
When present in food, simple sugars react with this person's reagent, turning orange.
Who is Benedict?
This is the complimentary base to Adenine (in RNA)
What is Uracil?
Polyunsaturated fats do this faster due to their double bonds, the scientific term for "going off".
What is "oxidative rancidity"?
When an egg is cooked, the protein undergoes this.
What is denaturation?
DNA
What are phosphodiesters?
The rate at which carbohydrates are metabolised is called this, which has an acronym often associated with american airmen and women.
What is the Glycaemic Index?
There are this many chromosomes in a haploid cell.
What is 23?
Detergents are this kind of molecule, with a polar and non-polar end, it can bond to both fat and dissolve in water allowing grease to be washed off dishes.
What are surfactants?
After we had the lock and key model, the theory of how enzymes work was updated to this.
What is "induced fit"?
What is the Brooklyn Bridge?