Vision
What is the optic track?
The point where sine waves are transduced into action potential
What is the inner hair cell?
Before this point you are still dealing with physical energy - why?
This organ, found in mammals, is specialized for processing pheromones
What is the Vomeronasal Organ?
In gustation, this refers to the combination of taste, smell, texture and nostalgia
What is flavor?
Due to this, we are able to perceive where a stimulus is
What are receptive fields?
Sarah has difficulty seeing the vibrant colors at the outdoor art show in the early evening, she is concerned but Matt reminds her that these photoreceptors don't function well in dim light.
What are cones?
Without this ion, we would be unable to perceive sound.
What is potassium (K+)
What this feature consolidates ORCs before heading to the olfactory bulb, the first stop in the CNS?
What is the glomerulus?
There are 50-150 of this type of cell per bud, with many buds on a papilla
What are taste receptor cells?
This proprioceptive receptor alerts to the muscle separating from the bone
What are golgi tendon organ receptors?
This occurs when opsin from one receptor is found in a different photoreceptor
What is Protanopia or Red Green Colorblindness?
What are the auditory ossicles?
Or malleus, incus and stapes.
What does the stapes connect with?
What is the fluid called in the cochlear duct?
What type of receptor are olfactory receptor cells?
What is metabotropic?
or
What is g-coupled protein receptors.
Odorants attach to receptors, causing intracellular changes that open ion channels
The activation of this type of taste relies on both sodium and hydrogen ion channels
What is acid?
Damage to this receptors release chemicals that stimulate the dendrite to produce action potentials
What is Nociception receptors?
Marie is able to see her coffee mug but has difficulty picking it up, what might a neurologist check first?
What is her dorsal stream?
A tumor in this part of the brain would cause disruption in both audition and vision potentially blocking the neural signals from reaching either the visual or the auditory cortex.
What is the thalamus?
What is the name of the area in the thalamus?
What is the pathway sound takes in the brain? Start at the Cochlear Nucleus.
What part of the brain is connected to the emotional response odorants can cause?
What is the hypothalamus
or
What is the amygdala
This is the final stop of the brain that perceives flavor
What is somatosensory cortex?
OR Gustatory Cortex
Damage to the LEFT side of the spinal cord will cause this side of the body below the injury to lose the sensation of pressure.
What is the left side of the body?
Bonus:
What will the right side of the body lose?
Victor has a stroke. The doctor performs a test, asking Victor to copy a picture of a normal clock. The doctor makes a note that he has to check this area of the brain when Victor drew only the left side of the clock.
What is the left LGN or left visual cortex?
This question is telling you what he CAN see, which is the left side. What he CAN'T see is the right side. Because the right visual field is impaired, the first place to check would most likely be on the LEFT side of his brain. He can see the left visual field so chances are the right LGN and right visual cortex are working find.
Receptors on the cochlear branch of cranial nerve VIII receive this neurotransmitter, allowing for action potential to propagate towards the brain
What is glutamate?
You step into a room and a smell invokes memories of your grandmother, what part of the brain has most likely been activated
What is the hippocampus?
Activated metabotropic receptors produce the more complex sensations of this taste type
What is sweet?
or
what is sugar?
This sense travels along with the auditory nerve but has nothing to do with hearing
What is Vestibular sense?