Cell Cycle
This is the process in which a cell divides its nucleus to form two identical nuclei.
What is mitosis?
The structure of DNA consisting of two long strands winding around each other.
What is double helix?
This organelle contains most of a eukaryotic cell's DNA and helps control the cell's activities.
What is the nucleus?
During this phase, chromosomes line up along the middle of the cell.
What is metaphase?
According to complementary base-pairing rules, adenine pairs with this base in DNA.
What is thymine?
These structures build proteins by reading genetic instructions from messenger RNA (mRNA) and linking amino acids together.
What are ribosomes?
During this phase, sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell.
What is anaphase?
This enzyme unwinds the DNA double helix by breaking the hydrogen bonds between complementary bases during replication.
What is DNA helicase?
Found in plant cells, this organelle captures sunlight to make glucose through photosynthesis.
What are chloroplasts?
The cell replicates its complete set of nuclear DNA, turning single-chromatid chromosomes into paired sister chromatids.
What is the S Phase?
Erwin Chargaff discovers that adenine (A) equals thymine (T) and guanine (G) equals cytosine (C) in DNA.
What is Chargaff's Rules?
This organelle uses an acidic interior and digestive enzymes to break down cellular waste, damaged organelles, and large molecules.
What are lysosomes?
In animal cells these mark the start of cytokinesis, which is the physical process of separating the cell into two distinct daughter cells.
What is cleavage furrow?
A X-ray diffraction image of DNA taken by researcher Raymond Gosling in the lab of chemist Rosalind Franklin.
What is photo 51?
This process allows a cell to take in large particles by surrounding them with its cell membrane and forming a vesicle.
What is phagocytosis?