Lesson 1
Describe the russet potato
Define heterosis
Breeding 2 hybrids together
What was the first high yield crop developed during the green revolution
Rice
Who discovered the structure of DNA
Watson and Crick
What was the first transgenic plant?
Tobacco?
Cotton generally had a lot of small seeds that were not valuable other than for replanting. What discovery suddenly increased the value of cotton seeds?
Cotton Seed Oil
How do you create a double cross hybrid?
You create 2 separate hybrids then cross those 2 hybrids together
What was the main goal of the green revolution?
To increase food yield to aid countries who struggle with food production
What is recombinant DNA technology
When DNA from one organism is put into that of another organism
What are single nucleotide polymorphisms
Changes in a single nucleotide of the DNA sequence
Why was cotton targeted as a plant that would benefit from genetic hybridization?
There were a lot of seeds
What type of cross is used for modern hybrids?
Single cross hybrids
What country was not able to reap the benefits of the green revolution, and why?
Africa- there was a great deal of political unrest and too much drought
What was the first product created using recombinant DNA technology?
Insulin
What is necessary for tissue culture propagation to be successful
Laboratory, specialized culturing media
What made the Burbank Russet potato unique
It was resistant to mold and disease
What organism displayed the first effects of radiation mutation?
Barley
What were the benefits of the Green Revolution?
Increased food supply, increase in jobs, environmental protection, etc
What is the difference between a direct marker and a linked marker?
A linked marker is positioned close to the desired nucleotide sequence.
A direct marker is positioned on the gene of interest
What type of technology is necessary to use when completing marker assisted selection? Why?
Polymerase Chain Reaction
What did Luther Burbank Discover/create?
Burbank russet potato
What are the benefits of embryo rescue?
You are able to create offspring from weak plants that typically would not be able to reproduce otherwise
Why is it important for high yield crops to have stronger, heavier stems?
So the plants can suppot a higher yield
Describe the process of marker assisted selection?
Gather a sample of DNA, make copies of the DNA to enlarge it and look for a single nucleotide sequence
Describe the process of protoplast fusion
The cell walls of 2 plant cells are broken down and the cells are fused together so that they share genetic material