Selective Breeding
Cloning
Gene Splicing
GMO Ethical Considerations
Gel Electrophoresis
100
What is selective breeding referred to as?
Artificial selection
100
What is cloning?
Making a genetically identical copy of an organism
100
What is genetic engineering?
changing an organism's genetic material on purpose
100
What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?
An organism whose genes you altered/changed
100
What is DNA fingerprinting?
technique used by scientists to distinguish between individuals using their DNA
200
What is selective breeding?
breeding plants or animals with particular traits
200
Who is the first sheep cloned?
Dolly the sheep
200
What are the steps of recombinant DNA?
1. identify gene of interest 2. cut it out (using restriction enzyme) 3. insert gene into new organism's DNA
200
What are some advantages of genetically modified organisms?
pest resistance, cold tolerance, pharmaceuticals, etc.
200
What can DNA fingerprinting be used for?
crime scene, paternity
300
How can you make a labradoodle?
Breed a poodle with a labrador retriever
300
How was Dolly the sheep like an identical sister to her mother?
They contain the same DNA
300
What is recombinant DNA also called?
gene splicing
300
What are the disadvantages of Genetically modified organisms?
some people could be allergic, new viruses could evolve, too much money spent on technology could have been spent on other things
300
where can we find DNA?
blood, hair, saliva, body tissue cells
400
Selective breeding has been used to make certain breeds of horses for the purpose of racing. Describe why you think people would want to selectively breed horses. Be sure to mention particular traits that would be beneficial for race horses.
Breed horses to run fast to win the race; etc.
400
How does cloning work?
collect an egg from one animal and remove the nucleus. Collect a nucleus from a body cell from another animal. Put the nucleus into the egg cell. Put the zygote into a surrogate mother to grow. A clone is born!
400
How can scientists make a cat glow in the dark?
cut the glow in the dark gene from the jelly fish's DNA using a restriction enzyme, then remove the DNA of the cat from a cell and cut out a section of the DNA using a restriction enzyme, then insert the glow in the dark gene into the cat's DNA and put the DNA back into the cat.
400
How are genetically modified organisms created?
Gene splicing
400
what is gel electrophoresis?
a method for separation and analysis of DNA, RNA, and protein fragments based on their size. The molecules are pushed by an electrical field through a gel.
500
One variety of wheat is resistant to disease. Another variety contains more nutrients of benefit to humans. Explain how a new variety of wheat with disease resistance and high nutrient value could be developed.
Cross breed wheat that is resistant to disease and one that contains a lot of nutrients
500
A scientist wanted to make a clone of his beloved dog, Darwin. So he took an egg cell from its ovary to use. However, he forgot to replace the egg cell's nucleus with a nucleus from a body cell! Explain why the scientist cannot make a clone of his dog using this egg cell.
The egg cell's nucleus only contains half the DNA and you can't make an organism from only half. You need a full set of DNA from a body cell
500
How did scientists genetically engineer a bacterial cell that makes insulin? Explain the steps
cut the insulin gene from a human DNA, take out the bacterial cell's DNA and cut out a section with a restriction enzyme, put the insulin gene in the bacteria's DNA and it will reproduce and make more bacteria that produces insulin.
500
Do you think that food manufacturers should tell the public what foods have been genetically modified on the packaging? Why or why not?
Yes so you know what's in it, to know if you're allergic or not
500
what travels faster through the gel, smaller molecules or larger molecules of DNA?
smaller
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