Vaccines
Name the methods for vaccine administration
Bonus: 2 new methods
Injection, oral intake
bonus: inhalation, patch application
This is the type of stem cell that new mothers may "bank" for future use.
Umbilical cord (multipotent) stem cells
Definition of enzyme
a substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.
a specific sequence of three consecutive nucleotides that is part of the genetic code and that specifies a particular amino acid in a protein or starts or stops protein synthesis
These animals were considered for usage to grow and harvest human organs such as a heart, liver, or kidney (with the assistance of genetic manipulation).
Pigs
What is the meaning of attenuated vaccine?
Live virus/bacterial vaccines, capable of transient growth in the host
These stem cells are considered to have "total potential"
Totipotent
This protein will reduce the activation energy needed to get a chemical reaction going.
Enzyme
What are plasmids?
a small DNA molecule that is physically separate from, and can replicate independently of, chromosomal DNA within a cell
The type of vaccine (infectious or non-infectious) that is incapable of causing the disease in the patient
non-infectious
What is adaptive immunity?
Doble bonus: Name the three components of adaptive immunity
Adaptive immunity is an immunity that occurs after exposure to an antigen either from a pathogen or a vaccination
bonus: 1) humoral immunity (antibodies), 2) cell-mediated immunity, 3) active immunologic memory (= B and T memory cells)
This stem cell is now a "pluripotent" stem cell - but only because it was induced by a scientist. Originally though, it was THIS type of stem cell.
multipotent
Enzymes are specific and only act on one type of......
Substrate
This type of DNA is formed with a scientist combines DNA from two different sources to create one DNA molecule.
Recombinant dna
These are considered "natural clones".
Identical twins
What is a clinical trial and why is it needed?
Set of protocols conducted for approval of the drug for the usage on human beings, they analize the safety and efficacy of the drug
These stem cells may become ANY tissue or organ (but NOT an entire organism).
Pluripotent
If enzymes are missing in your body, what would happen to all the chemical reactions that need to happen.
they would all slow down to the point that you would not be able to stay alive
This technique can be used to separate molecules (e.g. DNA) according to their size and charge.
Gel electrophoresis
True or false:
Vaccine immunization lasts a lifetime
Bonus: explain why
The type of vaccine (infectious or non-infectious) that creates a stronger immune response.
Infectious
These stem cells can be collected from "here" on donors to help patients recover from chemotherapy or radiation therapies - it helps replace damaged blood cells.
Bone marrow
Where the specific substrate fits in the enzyme
active site
These enzymes are used in gene cloning and are derived from bacteria.
Restriction enzymes
these cells lack a nucleus.
Prokaryotes