Getting on my nerves
These three nerves are sensory only cranial nerves.
CN1 Olfactory, CN2 Optic, CN8 Vestibulocochlear
This selective barrier and transport apparatus is formed by endothelial cells and tigh junctions for protection.
Blood brain barrier
This is the best place to perform a Spinal Tap along the spinal column.
What is below S1 in the cauda equina (vertebrae L4/L5)?
What is the acronym to determine if you are experiencing a stroke
FAST: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty - Time to call 911
This sulcus divides the frontal lobe and the parietal lobe
What is the central sulcus?
This nerve carries both motor and sensory information to/from the face (and is one of the largest of the CN)
Trigeminal CN 5
The three layers of cranial meninges are....
Dura matter
Arachnoid matter
(Subarachnoid- blood vessels)
Pia Matter
This tract carries motor information for the arms and hands for fine motor control.
Lateral Corticospinal tract
There are two types of stroke. What are they, which one is more dangerous?
Ischemic, hemorrhagic
- Trick question, more likely to die from Hemorrhagic, but Ischemic is more likely to result in lasting impairments and disability
The technique we would use if we wanted to find the connections of cells in the cingulate gyrus (limbic lobe) that synapse in the frontal lobe
Anterograde tracer: AAV-GFP, PHA-L?
This nerve innervates the heart lungs and many other internal organs
Vagus nerve CN10
This is the technique to image blood flow most effectively.
What is an Angiogram?
These are the three types of nerves involved in the knee jerk reflex.
Muscle Spindle 1A-sensory
Alpha Motor Neuron-motor
interneuron (inhibitory)
Ninety percent of strokes occur in this artery and result in the following impairments
Medial Cerebral Artery
Contralateral: face and arm>leg weakness, sensory loss to all modalities, visual field cut, visual spatial neglect, Ipsilateral gaze preference, dominant hemisphere affected, aphasia, alexia, agraphia, acalcutia,
This sulcus or fissure hold the superior sagital sinus.
What is the interhemispheric fissure?
This nerve innervates the face muscles and damage can lead to bell's palsy.
CN 7 Facial Nerve
These two pairs of major blood vessels the ____ and _____ meet to create the _____
What are the Carotid, Vertebral, Circle of Willis?
On the medial-lateral axis of the dorsal column , the ascending somatosensory information from each spinal segment are ordered in this pattern.
Complete loss to the right side of your cervical spinal cord is likely to leave these motor and sensory deficits.
Loss of pain touch contralateral side arms and below. Loss of fine somatosensation arms and below ipsilateral. Loss of motor arms and below ipsilateral.
We could use this technique to show that neurons connecting Thalamus to V1 were necessary for visual processing in the cortex.
Optogenetics: Halorhodopsin to block neural firing.
This nerve is technically not a nerve at all but a tract found continuously within the CNS
CN 2 Optic Tract (nerve)
The Anterior cerebral artery supplies these areas of the brain
- Medial Aspect of the frontal and parietal lobes
- Part of the cingulate gyrus and corpus callosum
- part of the basal ganglia and internal capsule
Peyton Manning had a spinal disk herniation that led to weakness in his throwing arm. The herniation occurred at this vertebra and the roots of these spinal segments.
Vertebra C4-C6. Segment/Roots C5-C7?
The Blockage of these ventricular system connections between ventricle 1/2 and 3 or 3 and 4 can lead to Hydrocephalus (a build up of intracranial pressure that can cause brain damage).
What is the intraventricular foramen or cerebral aqueduct.
This fissure is found in the occipital cortex and is associated with the visual cortex.
The calcarine fissure