Bee Gees
This area is responsible for movement initiation.
What is the basal ganglia?
These are the three "zones" of the cerebellum
Vermis, Intermediate/medial, Lateral
Central Sulcus, Precentral
What functions is the PFC involved in?
What are executive functions.
What is the indirect pathway?
SnC -X D2 MSN in Striatum (caudate/putamen) -X GPe -X STN->SnR/GPi -X VA/VL. End result inhibition of Thalamus.
What cortex is the main input to the hippocampus from?
What is the entorhinal cortex.
What ventricle forms the anterior side of the cerebellum?
4th Ventricle
Walking requires only this part of the CNS because of central pattern generators.
What is Reciprocal Inhibition in Spinal Cord
What are the six regions of the PFC?
What is the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), and Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC).
Parkinson's disease is caused by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in this brain area.
Substantia Nigra pars Compacta
What is the trisynaptic loop + inputs and outputs?
EC (perforant path)->DG (mossy fibers)->CA3 (Schaffer collaterals)-> CA1->Subiculum-> EC
These are the three deep cerebellar nuclei.
Fastigial, Interposed, Dentate
Cerebellum receives input from what area "as efference copy" in order to compare actual sensory feed back to these commands.
This region is associated with working memory, rules, and fairness.
What is the dorsal lateral PFC?
Damage to GPi would have this effect.
What is removal of thalamic inhibition: uncontrolled movement/chorea.
This is the white matter tract that connects the left and right hippocampus together + the white matter tract that connects hippocampus to mamillary bodies.
What is the commissural pathway (hippocampal commissure) + fornix?
These fibers form the strongest connection in the molecular layer of the cerebellum.
What are climbing fibers
Why would Penfield's experiment's suggest that there a motor homunculus whereas modern experiments have shown only a functional topography.
The stimulation was not precise enough to only target a small group of cells.
Neurons involved in making a decision do this when a decision is reached.
They fire above a threshold which prompts a decision.
This third pathway serves as a global break to terminate movement, working through this path.
Hyperdirect. Cortex->STN->SnR/GPi -X VA/VL
What behavioral deficits would a tumor in CA1 cause?
Hippocampus could not output to the subiculum. Memories could not be stored for long term recall. Ability to remember location in space potentially damaged (place cells)
Stimulation of this brainstem area would cause cerebellar cortex to receive a strong
"error signal"
What is the inferior Olive. (parallel fiber source)
What percentage of the corticospinal tract is sensory information?
What is 30%
Where is claustrum located?
Between the external and extreme capsule. Superior to medial temporal lobe.