Tectonic Forces
Any kind of shaking of the ground measured by seismic instruments
earthquake
Sections of a rock move on opposite sides of a joint forming these
faults
These waves travel through the earth's interior
body waves
A number rating used to report the strength of an earthquake
Richter scale
The pulling apart of earth's materials is known as
Tension stress
instrument that detects and measures earthquake's seismic waves
seismometer
cracks that form when rocks are under stress and begin to fail
joints
These waves travel along the earth's surface
surface waves
The measure of how much damage occurs from an earthquake
intensity
The force of two objects coming together like crushing a soda can
Compression stress
Tectonic plates that move towards each other in zones of subduction
Convergent boundaries
a faults whose motion is parallel to it's dip
dip-slip fault
the center of an earthquakes activity inside the earth and the spot on the surface of the earth directly above this
focus, epicenter
The possibility of injury or death to people and damage to property
Two rocks sliding past each other when moving in opposite directions
Shear stress
Zones where tectonic plates slide past each other
Transform Boundaries
These are caused when the original movement along a fault increases stress on other locked portions of the fault
aftershocks
The two most destructive wave types
Rayleigh and Love
4 risks created by earthquakes
Fire, Tsunamis, Building collapse, Landslides
Which boundaries cause mountains to form
Convergent boundaries
These two things work together to cycle cooler, denser rock into the earth and warmer, less dense rock to the surface
Buoyant Force and Gravity
The location of most major faults in the U.S. (Geologic Feature)
mountain ranges
The fastest moving waves that arrive first at seismic stations
primary (P waves)
Give 3 things that determine the intensity of an earthquake
Richter scale rating, depth of focus, proximity to population, construction of buildings, duration
The amount of strain a material can endure without breaking
Ductility