Sleepy Stuff
Normally referred to as Romazicon, this is the antidote for benzodiazepines.
Bonus: What do we monitor for when we give this?
flumazenil
Bonus: monitor for resedation/ signs of the antidote wearing off
This anti-dementia medication works by inhibiting cholinesterase, resulting in increased levels of acetylcholine and decreased symptoms of Alzheimer's.
donepezil
rivastigmine (also used for Parkinson's)
This drug used for asthma and COPD is an adrenergic agonist, meaning it can cause tachycardia and anxiety as well.
albuterol
This antihistamine is used for the treatment of vertigo.
meclizine
This stool softener is commonly prescribed orally to prevent constipation or as an enema to soften impaction. It is also available OTC.
docusate
Used for sedation, seizures, anxiety, and sometimes pain, this schedule IV controlled substance requires monitored tapering and warnings not to drink alcohol.
(Class & Example Drug)
Benzodiazepines
Lorazepam (or any lam/pam)
Memantine can cause hypertension, anemia, and weight gain, which may be worth it for an individual afflicted with this disease.
Dementia
Atropine is an anticholinergic given IV, IM, or SQ for any one of these purposes.
Pre-Op: decreases secretions
Sinus Bradycardia
Heart Block
Increase Heart Rate
Advanced Life Saving
Not to be confused with a similar sounding drug used for colds and flus, this drug is an alpha adrenergic agonist, is administered IV in a large vein, IM, or SQ, and is used to treat hypotension related to shock or anesthesia.
phenyphrine
This osmotic laxative is used for the treatment of chronic constipation from PSE (portal systemic encephalopathy).
lactulose
Despite it being naturally occurring within the human body, this hormone sometimes given to help treat insomnia, carries some risk.
Bonus: describe the risk.
melatonin
Quetiapine is a weird one for us to have learned in block 1 because it is a psych medication used for this purpose.
(class or disease)
Antipsychotic/ Mood Stabilizer
Schizophrenia, Bipolar DisorderThis drug has the same name as a common neurotransmitter and is used as part of advanced life saving techniques to increase CO, BP, and renal output, as well as in treatment for shock.
Dopamine
These drugs work to lower blood pressure by blocking adrenergic beta receptors.
(Class & Example)
Beta blockers
atenolol
This drug is available OTC for the treatment of acute diarrhea.
loperamide
This antidote often wears off quicker than the drug it is challenging can be metabolized, often requiring additional doses and careful monitoring.
Narcan
Also a cholinesterase inhibitor, but not used for Alzheimer's, pyridostigmine is used to treat this skeletal muscle disease.
myasthenia gravis
Dicyclomine is an anticholinergic/antispasmodic used to treat disorders of this body system.
GI System
Used for IBS or to decrease GI motility
An anticholinergic/antispasmodic for overactive bladder or neurogenic bladder.
oxybutynin
Commonly known as Miralax, this absurdly named drug is used for the treatment of constipation.
polyethylene glycol 3350
This non-benzo sedative is loved for its ability to help people fall asleep and stay asleep with little to no side effects for waking up early. However, there many stories of people doing absolutely insane things while asleep when taking this medication.
zolpidem (Ambien)
Carisoprodol, methocarbamol, and metaxalone all fall under this drug class which requires safety monitoring and abstaining from alcohol.
Bonus: Brand name of metaxalone
Muscle Relaxants
Bonus: Skelaxin
This cholinergic agonist is used to treat urinary retention, but can also slow heart rate as a side effect.
bethanechol
doxazosin is an example of a drug from this class, which works to lower blood pressure.
Alpha Blockers
Commonly known as Protonix, this antiulcer drug is used for erosive esophagitis associated with GERD as well as an off-label adjuct treatment for duodenal ulcers.
pantoprazole