Blood Dyscrasias
Common anemia characterized by impaired hemoglobin synthesis due to insufficient iron.
What is iron deficiency anemia?
May be revealed by a swollen mass to a lower extremity that is red, tender, and warm to touch.
What is a DVT?
A granulocyte that carries out phagocytosis.
What is a neutrophil?
Increased WBCs associated with infection or inflammation.
What is leukocytosis?
What is intermittent claudication?
A lack of absorption of vitamin B 12 can cause this type of anemia.
What is pernicious anemia?
Most common hereditary blood clotting/bleeding disorder that is caused by a deficiency of a clotting factor that helps platelets clump and stick to the walls of blood vessels where damage has occurred.
What is von Willebrand disease?
Blood cells that assist in clotting.
What are thrombocytes?
Decreased WBCs often associated with viral infections, radiation, and chemotherapy.
What is leukopenia?
Can present with neurologic symptoms and sensation of tingling or "pins and needles".
What is pernicious anemia?
This anemia results from excessive destruction of RBCs.
What is hemolytic anemia?
Blood in stool or urine that is not visible to the naked eye but can be detected through a test.
What is occult blood?
Produced in the kidney and stimulates erythrocyte (RBC) production.
What is erythropoietin?
An increase in this is commonly seen with allergic responses.
What are eosinophils?
What is sickle cell anemia?
A cause of anemia as from ulcers, hemorrhoids, cancer, or menstrual irregularities.
What is chronic blood loss?
Coagulation disorder that involves inappropriate fibrin clotting that stimulates the coagulation cascade and results in bleeding and thrombosis.
What is DIC?
Transports cholesterol away from the peripheral
cells to liver—“good” lipoprotein.
What is HDL?
Low hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, serum ferritin. Erythrocytes appear hypochromic and microcytic.
What is IDA?
General signs of this include fatigue, pallor, dyspnea, and tachycardia.
What is anemia?
A primary goal of treatment for a patient with sickle cell anemia experiencing a vaso-occlusive episode.
What is pain management?
Persistent bleeding from gums, petechiae, hemarthroses, hemoptysis, repeated epistaxis.
What are indications of blood clotting disorders?
Biconcave flexible discs that contain hemoglobin.
What are erythrocytes?
Neoplastic disorder diagnosed by increased production of erythrocytes and other cells in the bone marrow.
What is polycythemia vera?
Patient may present plethoric and cyanotic, with deep bluish red tone of the skin and mucosa resulting from the engorged blood vessels and sluggish blood flow.
What are signs and symptoms of polycythemia?