Major Components of Blood
What carries oxygen from the lungs to the body and remove carbon dioxide?
What color do red blood cells appear due to the pigment they contain?
Red
What is the first thing you should do to control minor external bleeding?
Apply direct pressure to the wound.
Which blood protein is primarily responsible for transporting oxygen?
Hemoglobin
Which type of blood cell is responsible for defending the body against infections?
White blood cells
What defends the body against infection and disease?
White Blood Cells
Red blood cells contain this protein, which binds oxygen for transport. Name the protein.
Hemoglobin
This blood component helps form clots to stop bleeding. Name it.
Platelets
Hemoglobin is found inside which type of blood cell?
Red blood cells
Which white blood cell type is important in initiating the body’s inflammatory response at sites of injury or infection?
Basophils
What helps a blood clot to stop bleeding?
Platelets
Name the process by which red blood cells are destroyed at the end of their lifespan.
Hemolysis
Elevating a bleeding limb above this level can reduce blood flow and help control bleeding.
The level of the heart.
Which organ is responsible for removing and breaking down old hemoglobin from worn-out red blood cells?
Spleen (also accept liver)
Which white blood cell type produces antibodies to fight infections?
Lymphocytes
What liquid of the blood carries nutrients, hormones, proteins, and waste products?
Plasma
Why do mature red blood cells lack a nucleus, and how does this benefit their function?
They lack a nucleus to maximize space for hemoglobin, allowing greater oxygen transport.
What is the medical term for the process of stopping bleeding?
Hemostasis
What element is essential for hemoglobin’s ability to bind oxygen molecules?
Iron
What process do white blood cells use to engulf and digest foreign particles?
Phagocytosis
This dissolved component in plasma plays a key role in nerve signal transmission and muscle contraction, and its imbalance can result in medical emergencies such as arrhythmias. Name this electrolyte and describe a symptom of its deficiency.
Potassium
Describe the unique shape of red blood cells and explain why this shape is important.
Biconcave disc; increases surface area for efficient gas exchange.
Which vitamin deficiency can impair the body's ability to form blood clots and control bleeding?
Vitamin K
Which disorder causes excessive breakdown of hemoglobin, leading to high levels of bilirubin and jaundice?
Hemolytic anemia
Which cell type, derived from monocytes, removes dead cells and pathogens from tissues and helps repair damage?
Macrophages