Anemic disorders
Genetic defect in DNA, common in people with certain ancestry
Sickle cell anemia
hyperactivity of bone marrow, increased risk for thrombus due to increased viscosity
polycythemia
how leukemia is named
by site and progression
malignant neoplasms involved in proliferation of lymphocytes in lymph nodes
lymphoma
hemoglobin
decreased exercise tolerance requiring modifications and extra monitoring
male: 14-17mg/dL
female: 12-16 mg/dL
low concentration of HgB diagnosed by low levels of hematocrit and hemoglobin
Iron deficiency (hypochromic) anemia
most common hereditary bleeding disorder, deficiency of factor causing platelet dysfunction
Von Willebrand's disease
acute myelogenous leukemia
progresses rapidly, cancer in bone marrow
middle age, patients surviving 5 years is low (27%)
originates in single lymph node and spreads to adjacent lymph nodes then organs
Hodgkin's lymphoma
hematocrit
impaired endurance, progress slowly, monitor SaO2
male: 42-52%
female: 37-47%
typically due to lack of intrinsic factor, treated by B12 injections
pernicious anemia
inability to clot, deficiency of clotting factor, lack of plasma protein
hemophilia
acute lymphocytic leukemia
progresses rapidly, cancer in lymph nodes
childhood cancer
treatment for lymphoma
chemotherapy and/or radiation
WBC
5,000-10,000 per mm3
symptom based approach, esp with fever
bone marrow fails to produce cells so number of all blood cells effected
aplastic anemia
caused by leukemia and chemotherapy, bruise easily
thrombocytopenia
chronic myelogenous leukemia
average age in 60s, 68-90% survival depending on treatment
lymphocytes grow abnormally and form tumors throughout the body--majority from B lymphocytes
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
platelets
140,000-400,000
increased risk for bleeding, fall prevention
list 3 rehab implications for anemia
decreased exercise tolerance, impaired healing due to decreased O2, pernicious anemia may have paresthesia, aplastic anemia affects immune system
1 activity guideline and 1 contraindicated treatment
Guideline: regular exercise beneficial, low impact , monitor for petechia and bruising
Contra: manual therapy (jt mobs), compression pump, potentially blood BP cuff
1-2 rehab implications for leukemia
depressed immune system-infection control
may have anemia or susceptible to bleeding
watch for side effects
2 rehab implications for Hodgkin's lymphoma
impaired mobility, altered kinesthetic awareness and balance, unsteady gait
define reference range
expected values in healthy people
includes the middle 95% of normal, healthy individuals
excludes top 2.5% and bottom 2.5%