You're Just My Type
Which antigens are present on the RBC surface of a B- patient?
B antigen only
This iron-containing protein is abundant in red blood cells and is responsible for the vast majority of our oxygen carrying capabilities
Hemoglobin
What is the diaphragm?
According to Boyle's law, what is the relationship between volume and pressure.
Inverse relationship - as one increases, the other decreases and vice-versa
Which ventricle pumps blood into the pulmonary circuit?
Right ventricle
Which antigens are present on the RBC surface of a O+ patient?
Rh (aka D) antigen only
Which contains blood with a higher PCO2: alveolar air or pulmonary capillaries?
Pulmonary capillaries have a higher partial pressure of CO2 compared to air in the alveoli.
Which two structures in the chest normally contact one another though are not technically adherent (glued) to one another?
The parietal and visceral pleura
Cellular respiration creates a partial pressure gradient of which two gases in the tissues of the body?
Oxygen and CO2
2
People with this blood type are considered universal recipients because their plasma lacks both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
Type AB
Which named blood vessels in the body contain the highest oxygen concentration?
Pulmonary veins
If you wanted to perform forced expiration, which skeletal muscles would you recruit?
Abdominal wall muscles
Which tissue type makes up the majority of the alveoli and enables gas exchange?
Simple Squamous epithelium
What tissue type is found in the tunica media of blood vessels and what is its physiologic significance?
Smooth muscle tissue - contraction produces vasoconstriction and relaxation produces vasodilation
Which of the following are the two most common ways that Rh negative patients are exposed ("sensitized") to the Rh antigen?
Pregnancy and blood transfusions
What is the relationship between cross sectional area and blood flow rate? Which blood vessel(s) in the body have the largest cross sectional area?
As cross sectional area increases, flow rate decreases. Capillaries have the greatest cross sectional surface area, so flow through those vessels is the slowest. This greately facilitates gas exchange.
During expiration, thoracic volume decreases, causing alveolar pressure to do this relative to atmospheric pressure.
Increase (rise above Patm)
What is the function of pulmonary surfactant?
Decreases hydrogen bonding between water molecules within alveoli aka reduces surface tension. This prevents alveolar collapse.
Identify a named blood vessel in which a "deep vein thrombosis" could form.
Any deep vein - lower extremities more than upper - deep veins run alongside veins and share their names.
As opposed to superficial veins (saphenous vessels of the legs and cephalic /basilic veins of the arms
Which blood type(s) are safe to administer to a A+ patient and give your rationale.
A+, A-, O+ and O-
They possess only anti-B antibodies and all of the other potential blood donors possess B antigens and therefore would cause a transfusion reaction (with agglutination and hemolysis of donor cells)
What form of iron must be present in heme in order for oxygen to bind?
Fe 2+ aka ferrous iron
What is the spirometric measurement that refers to the grand total of all air the patient is capable of holding in their respiratory system?
Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
Explain the difference in oxygen between sea level and the top of mount everest.
As altitude increases, atmospheric pressure decreases. Ultimately, this decreases the partial pressure of oxygen in atmospheric air and decreases the "steepness" of the oxygen partial pressure gradient between inhaled air and the bloodstream. This makes onloading of oxygen more difficult.
Name the blood vessel that carries DEOXYGENATED blood FROM THE HEART ITSELF to the right atrium.
Coronary sinus