OSTEO
THE CONDITION OF BONE SOFTENING
THAT IS OSTEOMALACIA
THE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR FRACTURES
WHAT IS X-RAY, CT, MRI, & LABS
WHAT ARE NSAIDS, DMARDS, & STEROIDS
THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF OSTEOARTHRITIS
WHAT IS A CHRONIC DEGENERATIVE JOINT DISEASE CHARACTERIZED BY PROGRESSIVE LOSS OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE, SUBCHONDRAL BONE CHANGES & FORMATION OF OSTEOPHYTES (BONE SPURS). LEADS TO PAIN, STIFFNESS, & REDUCED MOBILITY.
DEFINE ATHROPLASTY
WHAT IS SURGICAL REPLACEMENT OF A JOINT.
WHAT IS OSTEOBLASTS & OSTEOCLASTS
THE DEFINITION OF A PATHOLOGIC FRACTURE
WHAT IS OCCURS AFTER MINIMAL TRAUMA DUE TO UNDERLYING DISEASE. WEAKENED BY DISEASE (OSTEOPEROSIS, CANCER)
"FRAGILITY/SPONTANEOUS" FRACTURE
THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
WHAT IS A CHRONIC AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE THAT PRIMARILY AFFECTS THE JOINTS BUT CAN ALSO HAVE SYSTEMIC EFFECTS. THE IMMUNE SYSTEM MISTAKENLY ATTACKS THE SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE.
THE RISK FACTORS FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS
WHAT IS GENDER, AGE, GENETIC FACTOR, OBESITY, TRAUMA, OCCUPATION (REPETITIVE MOTION), DIABETES
TREATMENT FOR TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY
WHAT IS CONTINUOUS PASSIVE MOTION MACHINE (CPM) PREVENT CONTRACTURE (SCARRING IN SOFT TISSUE) OF THE KNEE. PROMOTES JOINT MOBILITY.
THE DEFINITION OF PRIMARY OSTEOPEROSIS
WHAT IS NO CAUSE BUT RELATED TO AGE (MIDDLE-AGE), POST-MENOPAUSAL
THE TREATMENT OF FRACTURES
WHAT IS IMMOBILIZATION OF FRACTURES:
EXTERNAL: CASTS, SPLINTS, BOOT
INTERNAL: SCREWS, PLATES, RODS
TRACTION
EXTERNAL FIXATION
OPEN REDUCTION INTERNAL FIXATION (ORIF)
THE PROGRESSION OF ARTHRITIS
WHAT IS HEALTHY JOINTS > SYNOVITIS > PANNUS > FIBROUS ANKYLOSIS > BONY ANKYLOSIS
WHAT IS ACETAMINOPHEN, TOPICAL MEDS (LIDOCAINE, SALICYCLATES, NSAIDS), NSAIDS, OPIOIDS, STEROID INJECTIONS
RISK FACTORS FOR ARTHROPLASTY
WHAT IS OSTEOARTHRITIS, RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, OR TRAUMA. UNRELIEVED PAIN DESPITE CONSERVATIVE THERAPY. DECREASED MOBILITY OR FUNCTIONAL DECLINE. IMPAIRED QUALITY OF LIFE.
THE COMPLICATIONS OF OSTEOPENIA
WHAT IS PROGRESSION TO OSTEOPOROSIS, INCREASED RISK OF FRACTURES & FALLS, IMPAIRED MOBILITY, CHRONIC PAIN
THE SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF ACUTE COMPARTMENT SYNDROME
WHAT IS PAIN, PARATHESIA, PULSE, PALLOR, PRESSURE, & PARALYSIS
THE DIAGNOSTICS FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
WHAT IS HISTOY OF PHYSICAL EXAM, RHEUMATOID FACTOR, ANTI-CYCLIC CIRTULLINATED PEPTIDE (ANTI-CCP), ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE (ESR), C-REACTIVE PROTEIN (CRP), X-RAYS, ARTHROCENTESIS
THE NONPHARMACOLOGIC INTERVENTIONS FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS
WHAT IS REST & EXERCISE, JOINT POSITIONING, HEAT & COLD APPLICATION, PLATELET RICH PLASMA, WEIGHT-LOSS, PHYSICAL THERAPY, ASSISTIVE DEVICES, SUPPLEMENTS (GLUCOSAMINE, CHONDROITIN), MEDICAL MARIJUANA
THE SIGNS & SYMPTOMS OF HIP DISLOCATION
WHAT IS INCREASED PAIN AT SURGICAL SITE, SWELLING, ACUTE GROIN PAIN AT AFFECTED HIP, REPORT HEARING A "POPPING" SENSATION IN THE HIP, INTERNAL/EXTERNAL ROTATION OF AFFECTED EXTREMITY, SHORTENING OF AFFECTED EXTREMITY, RESTRICTED ABILITY TO MOVE EXTREMITY
THE TREATMENT FOR OSTEOMYELITIS
WHAT IS ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY (4 TO 6 WEEKS FOR ACUTE, 3 + MONTHS FOR CHRONIC), PAIN CONTROL, HYPERBARIC OXYGEN THERAPY. SURGICAL: DEBRIDEMENT/BONE EXCISION & AMPUTATION
THE CLASSIC TRIAD FOR FAT EMBOLISM SYNDROME (FES)
WHAT ARE LUNGS (HYPOXIA, DYSPNEA), BRAIN (CONFUSION, SEIZURES, RESTLESSNESS), SKIN (PETECHIAE (ON THE CHEST))
THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, EARLY & LATE
WHAT IS
EARLY: JOINT INFLAMMATION, FEVER, WEAKNESS/FATIGUE, WEIGHT LOSS,
LATE: MORNING STIFFNESS, SEVERE FATIGUE, DEFORMED JOINTS, OSTEOPOROSIS, KIDNEY DISEASE, VASCULITIS, PERICARDITIS, FIBROLYTIC LUNG DISEASE, SJOGREN'S DISEASE,
THE DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS
WHAT IS ESR, CRP, X-RAY (JOINT SPACING, OSTEOPHYTE FORMATION, SUBCHONDRAL SCLEROSIS, SUBCHONDRAL CYSTS), MRI & CT STUDIES?
THE POSTOP CARE TO PREVENT DISLOCATION
WHAT IS ABDUCTION PILLOW, NO ADDUCTION OF HIP, NO SEVERE FLEXION AT HIP, NO CROSSING OF LEGS, ELEVATED TOILET SEAT, DRESSING AT HIP, PHYSICAL THERAPY, SCDs/TED HOSE, PAIN MANAGEMENT, NEUROVASCULAR CHECKS