Cell Building Blocks 2
Cell Functions
Cell Functions 2
Cell Growth and Management 1
Cell Growth and Management 2
100
How do humans get all their cell building blocks?
Through eating a balanced diet.
100
What kind of Carbohydrate is turned into ATP?
Polysaccharides
Monosaccharides
Disaccharides
Monosaccharides
100
What is the Main energy source for human cells?
ATP, Adenosine Tri-Phosphate
100
How do human cells replicate?
Through Mitosis
100
How old was the oldest human?
122 years old
200
What is Denaturation of a protein?
When proteins unfold and lose their shape
200
What is the difference between Endocytosis and Exocytosis?
Endocytosis is how you bring things into a cell
Exocytosis is how you expel things from a cell
200
What is the difference between Active Transport and Passive Transport?
Active transport requires energy (ATP) and Passive Transport does not.
200
When might Atrophy occur?
After waking up from a long coma,
starting a new job where you no longer have to do physical activity, etc.
200
Why should humans, theoretically, be able to live forever?
Because our cells can, theoretically, infinitely divide into new cells through mitosis.
300
What is the difference between a Fibrous and Globular protein?
Fibrous proteins make up cell structures while globular proteins are functional groups that perform certain roles.
300
What are two examples of Passive Transport?
Diffusion, Osmosis
300
What is an example of Active Transport?
Sodium-Potassium Pump
300
How can a pre-existing cell grow larger in size?
By taking in nutrients to grow new organelles or make existing organelles larger.
300
What are the 6 phases to Mitosis?
IPMAT+C
Interphase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase + Cytokinesis
400
What are 4 examples of protein functions?
Structural, enzyme, transport, contractile, communication, defensive
400
What are the three steps to cellular respiration (ATP Synthesis)?
Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, and the Electron Transport Chain
400
What happens during one pump of the Sodium-Potassium Pump?
Using one molecule of ATP, three sodium are forced out of the cell and two potassium are forced into the cell.
400
What are the two reasons a fully grown adult would need to make new cells?
Repair damaged cells
Maintenance of aging cells
400
When might hyperplasia occur?
Can occur naturally through a genetic disorder.
Can occur when the body sustains a large injury and must replicate cells at a greater rate.
500
Label the levels of Protein Structure below:
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500
What are 5 examples of Cell Functions?
Genetic information storage, Energy production, Protein synthesis, Transport of Materials, Structural support, Waste removal, Communication, Reproduction and growth, Protection
500
Put these steps in order 1 -5 to describe how a protein in synthesized:
_____The ribosome reads the mRNA code 3 letters at a time (codons)
_____ Amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain (protein)
_____ The DNA code for a specific protein is copied into mRNA (messenger RNA)
_____ tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the correct amino acids
_____ mRNA carries the genetic instructions out of the nucleus to the ribosome
Transcription (in the nucleus):
1. The DNA code for a specific protein is copied into mRNA (messenger RNA).
2. mRNA carries the genetic instructions out of the nucleus to the ribosome.
Translation (at the ribosome):
3. The ribosome reads the mRNA code 3 letters at a time (codons).
4. tRNA (transfer RNA) brings the correct amino acids.
5. Amino acids are linked together to form a polypeptide chain (protein).
500
Why is Apoptosis a necessary life function?
Cells wear out and can only exist a max of 7-10 years and must be replaced. Before they can be replaced, the older cells must be killed.
Keeps the body healthy by getting rid of old and nonfunctional cells.
500
Describe what is happening in the diagram below:
A cell is dying through apoptosis.
Another cell is eating the bits of the dead cell through Autophagy.