Vocab 1
What is Equilibrium?
General state in which opposing forces or influences are balanced
What is a catalyst?
A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction
What should be the only substance that is neither an acid nor a base?
Water
What color do bases turn when phenolphthalein indicator is put into them?
Pink
What do you get when you combine a H+ ion with an OH- ion?
H2O, water
What is Dynamic Equilibrium?
A closed system where opposing processes are at equal rates.
What is Physical Equilibrium?
When two opposing physical processes are balanced.
How did early man describe Acids and Bases?
Acids taste sour, bases taste bitter.
What should be the pH of a perfectly neutralized solution?
7 exactly
What is Le Chatliers Principle?
If a stress (such as changings concentrations, changing pressure, changing temperature) is placed on a system in dynamic equilibrium, a new equilibrium will be established in such a way as to relieve the stress.
What are Indicators?
Special chemicals used to identify acids or bases
What does Amphiprotic mean?
Compounds that can act both as an acid or a base
How did Bronsted/Lawry describe acids and bases?
Acids are proton donors, and bases are proton receivers.
What is the general equation for a neutralization reaction?
Acid + Base => Water & a Salt
How did Savante Arhenius describe acids and bases?
Acids have H+ and Bases have OH-
What is Molarity?
A reference to how strong an acid or base is.
What is a Titration?
Quantitatively adding an acid to a base or a base to an acid to reach equilibrium
What are three properties of bases?
Tastes bitter, slippery to the touch, tend to react and break up nonmetals, strong electrolytes, form OH- ions in water, and have a pH greater than 7
What will be the products of this neutralization reaction?
HBr + KOH ->
HBr + KOH -> KBr + H2O
What is a major problem with Savante Arhenius's definition of acids and bases?
A lot of bases don't have OH- such as ammonia NH3
What is the Mole Theory?
Central idea of chemistry that allows us to relate a certain number to a measurable value.
What is Molar Mass?
The numerical mass of the formula of a substance in grams
What are four properties of acids?
Taste sour, watery to the touch, reactis with active metals, strong electrolytes, form H+ ions in water, reacts with carbonates/bicarbonates, and have a pH lower than 7
What will be the products of this neutralization reaction?
H3PO4 + Ca(OH)2 ->
H3PO4 + Ca(OH)2 -> H2O + Ca3(PO4)2
Come up to the board and draw a system in dynamic equilibrium.
Teacher approval.