Topic 5
The enzyme that methylates all of the GATC sequences in e. coli
What is Dam methylase?
This sugar is found in the backbone of DNA
What is deoxyribose?
This type of RNA is found in a hairpin motif and accepts amino acids on its 3’ end (acceptor stem)
What is tRNA?
This type of protein changes shape when it’s covalently modified or binds to a regulatory molecule
What is an allosteric protein?
Will terminate okazaki fragments once DNA polymerase runs into this at the 5’ end of a previous segment & is ~ 10 nucleotides long
What is RNA primer?
A mutation in this region of DNA could prevent transcription from starting
What is the promoter region?
This single letter site contained within a ribosome during protein elongation supports the growth of peptide chains
What is the “P” site?
A group of ribosomes working together to translate the same mRNA at the same time
What is a polyribosome?
Ubiquitylated enzymes will modify the sliding clamp to relieve replicative DNA polymerase & the subsequently exposed damaged DNA will attract this to add one or few nucleotides
What is translesion polymerase?
This strand of DNA is used as a template during transcription
What is the antisense (template) strand?
Translation initiation starts with this type of tRNA at the P site
What is Met-tRNAi?
These molecules help RNA polymerase 2 bind to the promoter and initiate the transcription
What are General Transcription Factors (GTFs)?
This complex will chew back in the 5’ → 3’ direction leaving a protruding 3’ single stranded end that will be coated by SSB
What is Mre11 complex?
Introns are removed and exons are spliced together during this RNA processing step
What is RNA splicing?
This type of complex dissociates from mRNA once mRNA has been processed and moves into the cytosol
What is the EJC (exon junction complex)?
This ribosomal site is responsible for accepting new amino acid carrying tRNA molecules
What is the A site?
This directs the movement of DNA only transposons, functions as a nuclease & helicase, & are important in reshuffling genomic information
What are helitrons?
This type of RNA can silence gene expression by binding to mRNA and preventing translation
What is microRNA(miRNA)?
This complex degrades target proteins that contain polyubiquitin chains
What is a Proteasome?
This small protein covalently bonds to the lysine of another protein to mark it for destruction
What is a Ubiquitin?