Week 13
Location of lipid metabolism and synthesis.
What is the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum?
This structure acts as a selective barrier between the nucleus and cytosol and contains nuclear pore complexes.
What is the nuclear envelope?
referred to as “cell eating”
what is phagocytosis?
This organelle is responsible for detoxification reactions and produces hydrogen peroxide as a byproduct of its metabolic processes.
What is the peroxisome?
Concentrated with an assortment of client molecules held together by multiple weak, fluctuating interactions.
What are Molecular Condensates?
These short amino acid sequences direct proteins to the nucleus by allowing them to be recognized by nuclear import receptors.
What are nuclear localization signals (NLS)?
endocytosis uses this type of coating
what is clatherin?
Assists clathrin-coated pit vesicle formation by causing membrane bending to form the curvature of the membrane.
What are BAR domains?
During the start of translation, if the N-terminus signal is present, binding of the complex will bring the ribosome and mRNA growing chain to the receptor in the ER membrane.
What is the Signal Recognition Particle (SRP)?
This GTP-binding protein regulates directionality of nuclear transport by existing in different forms in the nucleus and cytosol.
What is Ran (Ran-GTP/Ran-GDP cycle)?
in regulated secretion, this protein pauses the SNARE complexes from completely fusing
what are complexins?
the result of v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs locking together
what is the trans-SNARE complex?
During co-translational translocation, this aqueous pore channel utilizes a plug and a lateral gate to provide a proofreading step, ensuring that only proteins with the correct signal sequence enter the ER lumen.
What is the Sec61 Translocator?
This mitochondrial outer membrane complex is responsible for recognizing signal sequences and translocating proteins into mitochondria.
What is the TOM complex (Translocase of the Outer Membrane)?
these proteins form long tethers on the Golgi stacks and contain binding sites for Rab proteins
what are golgins?
this GTP-ase helps create specialized membrane domains
what are Rab proteins?
Misfolded proteins activate a transmembrane kinase to inhibit translation initiation factor and reduce the influx of proteins in the ER.
What is PERK?
This process drives mitochondrial protein import using both membrane potential across the inner membrane and ATP hydrolysis by chaperone systems.
What is energy-dependent protein translocation into mitochondria (via TIM23/import ATPase system)?
during n-linked glocosylation, sequential modifications mark protein folding progression. This is referred to as the _____.
what is the glyco-code?
Region of the cell rich in mRNA-degrading enzymes that continue to degrade mRNA with shortened Poly A tails or act as storage sites for intact mRNA.
What are P-bodies?