Musculoskeletal System
Cardiorespiratory System
Physical fitness, training and movement efficiency
Biomechanical Principles
100
An example of a long bone
any of tibia, fibula, femur, humerus, radius, ulna
100
Identify the 4 chambers of the heart
Left and Right ventricle and left and right atrium
100
Identify the most suitable test for Power
Standing vertical jump
100
How does an object float?
It needs to displace an amount of water that weighs more than itself
200
Perform a dorsi flexion
flexion of the ankle
200
What refers to the flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
Pulmonary circulation
200
Identify and provide examples of sports suitable for each skill related component of fitness
Agility, co-ordination, balance, power, speed, reaction time
200
Identify the applied and reaction forces in a high jumpers take off
Applied - the high jumpers foot applying force to the ground Reaction - the ground applying a force up
300
What is the type of contraction when the muscle lengthens as it contracts
Istonic eccentric
300
Describe diastolic and systolic blood pressure
Diastolic - The reading taken at peak pressure created by the contraction of the left ventricle Systolic - The reading taken during the relaxation (or filling phase) of the left ventricle
300
What is the difference between aerobic training and anaerobic training
Aerobic is in the presence of oxygen and anaeobic is in the absence of oxygen
300
When is an athlete at their most stable
The line of gravity falls within the base of support, the centre of gravity is lowered and there is a wide base of support
400
Identify the 6 different types of synovial joints
Ball and socket, gliding, saddle, condyloid, pivot, hinge
400
Identify the location and function of alveoli
In the lungs, at the end of the bronchioles and it is involved in the exchange of O2 and CO2
400
Outline how the FITT principle is used in the design of aerobic training program
Frequency (3 - 5 times a week), Intensity (work at 70-85% of MHR), Time (at least 20mins depending on fitness), Type (aerobic, specific)
400
Discuss why momentum is important in a collision sport such as rugby
Momentum = mass x velocity and therefore the heavier and faster the player the more chance of gaining ground
500
Perform and analyse the bicep curl to determine the bones involved, joint action, muscles involved and type of contraction
Bones: radius, ulna and humerus Action: Flexion of the elbow Muscles involved: Triceps, biceps Type of contraction: Isotonic, concentric
500
Explain the process of the change of gases
Substances of a high concentration will always move to areas of low concentration. Therefore oxygen in the alveoli will move into the blood in the capillaries and carbon dioxide in the blood will move into the air in the alveoli.
500
Describe the relationship between heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output
Heart rate is the number of contractions per minute, stroke volume is the amount of blood pumped by the heart in any one contraction and cardiac output is the rate of blood pumped by the heart in a period of time. They all increase immediately with exercise.
500
How does using biomechanics increase performance in cycling
Equipment - eg helmet, reduce profile drag Tactics - ride behind other riders, reduce drag and conserve energy Clothing - reduce surface drag Technique - bend over to reduce profile drag
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