Muscular
What occurs when an organ or tissue protrudes through an area of weak muscle? a. Reflex c. Scoliosis b. Tendonitis d. Hernia
D
Ossification is a. a disease that results in the destruction of brain cells. b. the process by which bone is formed, renewed, and repaired. c. an inherited disorder in which muscle fibers are destroyed. d. the process that produces red blood cells in bone marrow.
B
T/F Messages are carried from sensory receptors to the CNS by motor neurons.
F. Sensory Neurons
a nerve cell
neuron
T/F A muscle is made up of hundreds of long cells called muscle tones.
F. Muscle Fibers
T/F All bone begins in the embryo as calcium
F. Cartilage
The sympathetic nervous system involves voluntary responses that are under a person’s control.
F. Somatic
T/F The somatic nervous system consists of sensory neurons that relay messages from receptors in the eyes, ears, nose, tongue, and skin.
a fibrous cord that attaches muscle to bone
tendon
a band of fibrous, slightly elastic connective tissue that attaches one bone to another
ligament
Which division of the nervous system includes the nerves that extend from the brain, the spinal cord, and sensory receptors? a. Parasympathetic nervous system b. Peripheral nervous system c. Somatic nervous system d. Central nervous system
B
Which of the following is an example of a degenerative disease of the nervous system? a. Epilepsy c. Parkinson’s disease b. Paralysis d. Meningitis
C
the part of the brain that coordinates the movement of skeletal muscles
Cerebellum
T/F The bones of the ankle are categorized as flat bones
F. Short bones
Which part of the brain connects the spinal cord to the rest of the brain? a. The brain stem b. The frontal lobe c. The meninges d. The cell body
A
Which section of the cerebrum is involved with sensory information? a. Temporal lobe c. Occipital lobe b. Parietal lobe d. Frontal lobe
B.
What are the four types of joints, and what kind of movement does each allow? Give an example of each type of joint
Sample answer: A ball-and-socket joint allows movement in all directions. An example is a hip joint. A hinge joint allows the joint to bend and straighten. An example is an elbow joint. A pivot joint allows limited rotation. An example is the joint between two vertebrae. An ellipsoidal joint allows all kind of movement except rotation. An example is a wrist joint.
What is osteoporosis, what causes it, and how can a person reduce the risk of developing it?
Osteoporosis is a condition in which there is a progressive loss of bone tissue. It occurs when bones are weakened and become brittle, making them east to break. Bone tissue loss is a natural part of aging. Ways to reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis include eating a balanced diet that includes enough calcium, vitamin D, and phosphorus. Also, doing regular weightbearing physical activities will stimulate bone cells to increase bone mass.
What organs make up the central nervous system, and how is each part of the CNS protected from injury?
Sample answer: The central nervous system is made up of two organs, the brain and the spinal cord. The spinal cord is protected by several layers of protective tissue called the spinal meninges and also by the vertebrae, the bones of the spine. The brain is protected by layers of the cranial meninges and by the cerebrospinal fluid that surrounds the meninges. The brain is also protected by the protective cavity formed by the bones of the skull.
What is involved in a nerve impulse? Describe the process from the stimulation of a sensory receptor to the movement of a muscle
Sample answer: A nerve impulse begins when a sensory receptor is stimulated. The impulse travels through sensory neurons to the central nervous system. The central nervous system sends an impulse back to muscles or gland by motor neurons, and movement results.