Nervous system
What are the two main organs that make up the Central Nervous System
The brain and the spinal cord.
What is the main function of the nervous system?
To recognize, coordinate, and respond to internal and external stimuli.
What two body systems are involved in absorbing and delivering digested nutrients to cells?
The circulatory and digestive systems.
What is a systemic disease?
A condition that impacts multiple organs or the entire body, rather than just one localized area.
The Digestive system breaks down proteins into what smaller building blocks so they can be absorbed into the bloodstream?
Amino acids
What is the name of the specialized cell that transmits electrical signals throughout the body?
A neuron (or nerve cell).
What is the primary role of the urinary system?
To filter out liquid waste and maintain fluid/electrolyte balance.
What systems are involved in the "fight or flight" response?
The nervous system (signals) and endocrine system (releases adrenaline).
What are examples of systemic disorders affecting multiple systems?
Diabetes, lupus, multiple sclerosis, cancer, cystic fibrosis, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Which two systems work together to produce red blood cells?
Answer: The Skeletal System (bone marrow) and the Circulatory System (transport).
The nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord, and _______ .The spinal cord helps carry ________ back and forth between your body and brain
nerves,messages or signals
How does the skeletal system support the immune system?
The bone marrow (skeletal system) is the site for blood cell formation, including white blood cells that fight infection.
What systems work together to move the body?
The muscular and skeletal systems act together for movement, with the nervous system coordinating the action.
What is the Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)?
A condition involving the dysfunction of two or more organ systems, often arising from a severe, life-threatening insult.
Which system acts as a "drainage" route, returning leaked fluids from the blood vessels back into the Circulatory system?
Answer: The Lymphatic System.
The peripheral nervous system:The peripheral nervous system: a. is in the brain b. includes nerves branching out from the spinal cord to the body c. helps with peripheral vision
B.includes nerves branching out from the spinal cord to the body
What is negative feedback in the context of homeostasis?
A cycle where the body corrects changes to maintain a stable environment, such as shivering to increase body temperature when cold.
How do the respiratory and circulatory systems collaborate to deliver oxygen and remove carbon dioxide?
The respiratory system brings O2 into the lungs and removes CO2 while the circulatory system transports these gases to and from tissues.
How does diabetes affect multiple systems?
It damages the cardiovascular system (heart disease/stroke), kidneys (nephropathy), eyes (retinopathy), and nervous system (neuropathy).
Nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine, but where does the Excretory system remove the liquid metabolic waste that results from using those nutrients?
Through the Kidneys (filtered from the blood).
Which system controls involuntary functions like heart rate and sweating?
The autonomic nervous system.
How does the lymphatic system contribute to immunity?
It defends the body against infection by transporting lymph containing white blood cells.
How do the integumentary and nervous systems work together to maintain body temperature?
The nervous system detects heat/cold and initiates responses in the integumentary system, such as sweating to release heat.
What is the difference between a white blood cell increase and leukemia?
Leukemia is a cancer where an abnormal increase in immature white blood cells replaces healthy red blood cells, causing anemia
What is the name of the involuntary muscular contractions that move food through the Digestive system?
Peristalsis.