Integumentary system
What is the main function of the skin?
To protect the body from injury, germs, and fluid loss.
Which 3 structures make up the musculoskeletal system?
Bones, Muscles and Joints
What organ controls thinking, memory, and movement?
The brain.
What is the main function of the heart?
Pump blood throughout the body.
What is the main function of the immune system?
Protect the body against infection and disease
What is the best way to dry the skin of a resident who has fragile skin?
Pat the skin gently
A resident has a joint that cannot be fully straightened because the muscles and other tissues have permanently shortened. What is this condition called?
Contracture
A resident with dementia repeatedly asks the same question. How should the CNA respond?
Answer calmly and provide reassurance.
What is the normal resting pulse range for most healthy adults?
60–100 beats per minute.
What are the small structures that filter lymph fluid and may become swollen during an infection?
Lymph nodes.
A resident has an area of intact, red skin over the tailbone that does not turn white when pressed. What stage of pressure injury might this indicate?
Stage 1 pressure injury
A resident has weakness on the left side after a stroke. When helping the resident put on a shirt, which arm should the CNA dress first?
Left arm (weaker side)
A resident suddenly develops slurred speech and weakness on one side of the body. What medical emergency might be occurring?
A stroke (CVA).
A resident has a blood pressure of 88/54 and feels dizzy when standing. What should the CNA do?
Prevent a fall, help the resident remain safely seated or lying down, and report the findings promptly.
A CNA is caring for a resident with C. diff. What two pieces of personal protective equipment should the CNA wear when entering the room under Contact Precautions?
Gown and gloves
What is the most important action a CNA can take to help prevent pressure injuries in a resident who cannot move independently?
Reposition the resident according to the care plan.
A resident has osteoporosis. What type of إصابة (iṣāba) is the resident at increased risk of experiencing?
Bone fractures (broken bones).
A resident begins having a seizure. What two important actions should the CNA take?
Protect the resident from injury and call for help. Do not restrain the resident or put anything in their mouth.
A resident with heart failure develops increased swelling in both ankles and new shortness of breath. What should the CNA do?
Stop the activity, keep the resident safe, and obtain immediate nursing assistance.
A CNA has a fever and cough and is assigned to care for a resident receiving chemotherapy. What should the CNA do before providing care?
Report the symptoms to the supervisor and follow workplace illness policies
A resident has redness on their tailbone. The redness disappears when gently pressed and returns when pressure is released. What is this called?
Blanchable redness (blanching erythema)
A resident has weakness in the right arm after a stroke. When helping the resident remove a shirt, which arm should the CNA undress first?
The left (stronger) arm
A resident with dementia suddenly becomes much more confused than usual over several hours. What acute condition might this indicate?
Delirium
A resident has a blood pressure of 118/76 and a pulse of 82. The resident suddenly develops chest pressure, sweating, and shortness of breath. What should the CNA do first?
Activate emergency assistance according to facility procedures.
A CNA removes gloves after caring for a resident with C. diff. The CNA's hands are visibly soiled. What hand hygiene method should the CNA use?
Answer: Wash hands with soap and water.
Note: Students may automatically answer "hand sanitizer" because alcohol-based hand rub is commonly used in healthcare. However, visibly soiled hands require soap and water.