Endocrine System
What are hormones?
These are chemical messengers that travel through the bloodstream to send signals in the body.
What is the synapse?
This gap between neurons allows electrical signals to pass using chemical messengers.
What does the stomach do? What acid does it contain?
This organ uses acid and enzymes to break down food. Contains pepsin.
This organ pumps blood throughout the body.
The heart.
These white blood cells “eat” invading pathogens.
Phagocytes.
What is adrenaline and what gland produces it?
This hormone increases heart rate and prepares the body for “fight or flight.” Produced by the adrenal glands.
What is the myelin sheath?
This fatty substance helps speed up messages traveling along neurons. Protects the axon.
What does the liver do?
This large organ helps process nutrients and removes toxins from the blood.
What are veins?
These blood vessels return blood back to the heart.
These special proteins help your body recognize and fight specific invaders.
Antibodies.
What is a negative feedback loop?
This feedback system helps maintain balance by turning hormone production up or down.
This fast response happens before your brain fully processes pain, like pulling your hand away from a hot stove.
Reflex arc
What is mechanical digestion?
This digestive process breaks food down physically rather than chemically. Ex: chewing
This component of blood is responsible for clot formation.
Platelets
What is a type of artificial active immunity?
Vaccination.
What is the pancreas?
This gland produces insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar.
These chemicals cross the synapse to transmit signals between neurons.
Neurotransmitters
These finger-like structures increase surface area for nutrient absorption.
Villi
This measurement represents the force of blood pushing against artery walls.
Blood pressure
This immune response causes redness, heat, swelling, and pain. What line of defense is it a part of?
Inflammation. 2nd line of defense.
This part of the brain links the nervous system to the endocrine system by controlling the pituitary gland.
Hypothalamus
What is the motor neuron? What is the overall response called?
This type of neural pathway carries commands from the central nervous system to muscles or glands. Efferent response.
This wave-like muscle movement pushes food through the digestive tract.
Peristalsis
What are capillaries?
These tiny blood vessels allow oxygen and nutrients to pass into cells.
This disorder occurs when the immune system attacks the body’s own tissues.
Autoimmune disease.