Atomic Structure
what's contained inside the Nucleus of an atom?
Protons and Neutrons
How might an atom gain a full valence shell full of electrons?
Other elements can achieve a full valence shell by gaining or losing electrons during a chemical reaction
•When a neutral atom gains or loses an electron, it becomes an ion
•Loses an electron: becomes positively charged ion
•Gains an electron: becomes a negatively charged ion
I have 1 electron, 1 proton and 0 neutrons
I am a neutral atom
Who am I?
Hydrogen
What is a valence shell?
the outer most energy shell
How many electrons can fit in the first and second energy shells?
First shell 2
Second shell 8
Draw the Bohr model of Lithium?
2 energy shells
3 electrons
1 valence electron
Chemistry symbol in center
I have 4 electrons, 4 protons and 5 neutrons
I am a neutral atom
Who am I?
Beryllium
How many electrons does a Calcium ION have?
18
What is the electric charge of a proton, neutron and an electron?
Proton = Positive
Neutron = Neutral
Electron = Negative
Draw the Ion for Sodium (Na)
2 energy shells
10 electrons: 8 valence electrons
1+ Ion charge
[Brackets]
I have 9 electrons, 9 protons and 10 neutrons
I am a neutral atom
What am I?
Fluorine
How many electrons does a Fluorine ION have
10
Where is most of the mass of an atom held?
In the Nucleus
Draw the Bohr model for Calcium (Ca)
4 energy shells
20 electrons (2 valence electrons)
Chemistry symbol (Ca) in center
I have 10 electrons, 8 protons and 8 neutrons
I am an ION
Who am I?
Oxygen
How many valence electrons does neutral Fluorine (F) have?
7
Relative weight of a proton, neutron and electron?
1837
1
Draw the Ion for Oxygen (O)
2 energy shells
10 electrons (8 valence electrons)
Brackets
Chemistry symbol (O) in center
2- charge labelled
I have 10 electrons, 12 protons and 12 neutrons.
I am an ION
Who am I?
Magnesium
When an element has a negative charge, it ________ electrons
gains