Osteoporosis 101
This condition causes bones to become weak and more likely to fracture
About 99% of the body’s calcium is stored here.
What are bones and teeth?
Before starting alendronate, the nurse emphasizes good dental health because of the risk for this serious condition.
What is osteonecrosis of the jaw?
This DEXA value compares a patient’s bone density with that of a healthy young adult.
What is a T-score?
A patient with Crohn's disease and chronic fat malabsorption is at risk for deficiencies of these two vitamins you have discussed as important for bone health.
What are vitamins D and K?
These bone cells break down old bone tissue.
What are osteoclasts?
Dairy products such as milk, yogurt, and cheese are major dietary sources of this mineral.
What is calcium?
This medication mimics a hormone that inhibits osteoclast activity and decreases bone resorption.
What is calcitonin-salmon?
Patient A has a T-score of −1.4. Patient B has a T-score of −2.9. This patient has the lower bone mineral density.
Who is patient B?
Smoking, physical inactivity, and excessive alcohol intake are examples of this.
What are modifiable risk factors?
These bone cells are responsible for building new bone.
What are osteoblasts?
In addition to supporting bone, calcium is essential for muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and this lifesaving process.
What is blood clotting?
A patient receiving this medicaton should be monitored closely for hypocalcemia.
What is denosumab?
A patient's dexa scan shows a T-score of -2.2. This is how the nurse should classify this finding.
What is osteopenia?
A patient taking raloxifene reports new unilateral calf swelling and tenderness. What is the nurse's priority concern?
What is DVT?
Loss of this hormone after menopause accelerates bone loss.
What is estrogen?
This mineral works along with calcium and vitamin D to support healthy bones?
What is magnesium?
This osteoporosis medication requires the patient to start their day upright.
What is alendronate?
The nurse instructs the patient to avoid these for 24 hours before a DEXA scan.
What are calcium supplements?
An older adult with osteoporosis develops an exaggerated forward curvature of the upper spine called this.
What is kyphosis?
The hip, wrist, and this part of the skeleton are common sites of osteoporotic fractures.
What is the spine/vertebrae?
Magnesium contributes to bone health partly by supporting the metabolism and activation of this vitamin.
What is vitamin D?
A patient with severe osteoporosis is prescribed a medication intended to build new bone rather than primarily decrease bone breakdown. This medication best fits that description.
What is teriparatide?
DEXA scan most commonly assesses these two areas of the body.
What are the hip and the spine/vertebrae?
The nurse teaches a patient with osteoporosis to choose this type of exercise.
What is weight bearing exercise?
Long-term use of this medication class can cause secondary osteoporosis.
What are corticosteroids/glucocorticoids?
An adult with severe, prolonged vitamin D deficiency develops poorly mineralized, softened bones. This condition is called what__.
What is osteomalacia?
A patient with osteoporosis takes omeprazole daily. The nurse recommends this form of calcium because it is absorbed well despite reduced stomach acid.
What is calcium citrate?
A patient begins treatment for osteoporosis. The nurse explains a repeat DEXA scan is commonly performed after this amount of time to monitor response to therapy.
What is 1-2 years?
A 70-year-old postmenopausal patient has a T-score of −2.8, takes prednisone long-term, rarely exercises, and has low calcium and vitamin D intake. These three findings that increase her fracture risk.
What are osteoporosis/low BMD, chronic glucocorticoid use, inactivity, low calcium intake, low vitamin D intake, older age, and postmenopausal status?