SC.912.L.17.20
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A population of deer lives in a forest with limited water sources. During a drought, the deer population decreases sharply. Which limiting factor caused this change?
A. Predation B. Food availability C. Water availability D. Disease
C. Water availability
A student suffers a head injury and begins having trouble maintaining posture and coordinating smooth movements. Which part of the brain was MOST likely damaged?
A. Cerebrum B. Cerebellum C. Medulla oblongata D. Hypothalamus
B. Cerebellum
A population of rabbits includes individuals with brown fur and individuals with white fur. After several years of unusually snowy winters, the population contains mostly white‑furred rabbits. Which statement best explains this change?
A. White rabbits changed color to blend in with the snow
B. Brown rabbits stopped reproducing during the winter
C. White rabbits were better camouflaged and more likely to survive and reproduce
D. Rabbits with brown fur migrated to warmer regions
C. White rabbits were better camouflaged and more likely to survive and reproduce
Which biomolecule is the body’s main source of quick energy?
A. Lipids B. Carbohydrates C. Proteins D. Nucleic acids
B. Carbohydrates
Which characteristic is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. A nucleus containing DNA
B. Membrane‑bound organelles
C. Ribosomes for protein synthesis
D. Mitochondria for energy production
C. Ribosomes for protein synthesis
A lake becomes overcrowded with fish. As the population grows, oxygen levels in the water drop, causing many fish to die. Which statement best explains this event?
A. A density‑independent factor reduced the population
B. A density‑dependent factor limited population growth
C. The fish adapted to lower oxygen levels
D. The carrying capacity increased
B. A density‑dependent factor limited population growth
Which brain structure is responsible for regulating involuntary processes such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing?
A. Cerebrum B. Cerebellum C. Medulla oblongata D. Parietal lobe
C. Medulla oblongata
A population of insects is exposed to a pesticide. Most die, but a few survive and reproduce. Over several generations, the population becomes mostly resistant. Which process best explains this change?
A. Genetic drift B. Natural selection C. Artificial selection D. Mutualism
Natural selection
A student analyzes an unknown molecule and finds that it contains long chains of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Which type of biomolecule is most likely being observed?
A. Protein B. Lipid C. Carbohydrate D. Nucleic acid
B. Lipid
A student observes a cell with a large central vacuole, chloroplasts, and a cell wall. What type of cell is the student most likely viewing?
A. Animal cell B. Plant cell C. Bacterial cell D. Fungal cell
B. Plant cell
A new predator is introduced into an ecosystem. Over time, the prey population decreases. Which limiting factor is affecting the prey population?
A. Competition B. Predation C. Weather D. Habitat loss
B. Predation
A patient reports difficulty forming new memories after an accident. Which part of the brain was MOST likely affected?
A. Occipital lobe B. Hippocampus C. Cerebellum D. Brain stem
B. Hippocampus
A species of bird has a wide range of beak sizes. During a drought, only large, tough seeds are available. After several generations, the average beak size in the population increases. What caused this shift?
A. Birds chose to grow larger beaks
B. Birds with small beaks migrated away
C. Birds with larger beaks were more likely to survive and reproduce
D. Birds with small beaks stopped reproducing voluntarily
C. Birds with larger beaks were more likely to survive and reproduce
Which statement correctly matches a biomolecule with its primary function?
A. Proteins store genetic information
B. Lipids provide long‑term energy storage
C. Carbohydrates build muscle tissue
D. Nucleic acids speed up chemical reactions
B. Lipids provide long‑term energy storage
Which statement correctly compares prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
A. Prokaryotic cells contain mitochondria, while eukaryotic cells do not
B. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not
C. Prokaryotic cells are larger and more complex than eukaryotic cells
D. Eukaryotic cells lack DNA, while prokaryotic cells contain DNA
B. Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, while prokaryotic cells do not
A population of rabbits grows rapidly until it reaches the carrying capacity of the environment. What will most likely happen next?
A. The population will continue to grow without stopping
B. The population will crash to zero
C. The population will fluctuate around the carrying capacity
D. The population will evolve into a new species
C. The population will fluctuate around the carrying capacity
A scientist observes that electrical activity in a patient’s frontal lobe is unusually low. Which behavior would MOST likely be affected?
A. Processing visual information
B. Coordinating balance and movement
C. Making decisions and solving problems
D. Regulating breathing and digestion
C. Making decisions and solving problems
A population of lizards lives on dark volcanic rock. Over time, the population becomes darker in color. Which statement best explains this change?
A. Darker lizards absorbed more sunlight
B. Darker lizards were better camouflaged and avoided predators
C. Lighter lizards changed color to match the environment
D. All lizards mutated at the same time
B. Darker lizards were better camouflaged and avoided predators
Enzymes are essential for many cellular reactions. To which group of biomolecules do enzymes belong?
A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Nucleic acids
C. Proteins
Which structure is present in animal cells but not in plant cells?
A. Cell membrane B. Lysosomes C. Ribosomes D. Cytoplasm
B. Lysosomes
A wildfire destroys much of the vegetation in a grassland. The herbivore population drops sharply afterward. Which type of limiting factor caused this decline?
A. Density‑dependent B. Density‑independent C. Biotic only D. Predator‑driven
B. Density‑independent
A person touches a sharp object and immediately pulls their hand away before feeling pain. Which structure is primarily responsible for this rapid response?
A. Cerebrum B. Spinal cord C. Cerebellum D. Temporal lobe
B. Spinal cord
A scientist observes that antibiotic‑resistant bacteria become more common after repeated exposure to the same antibiotic. Which conclusion is supported by this observation?
A. Antibiotics cause bacteria to evolve intentionally
B. Resistant bacteria survive and pass on their traits
C. All bacteria become resistant at the same rate
D. Antibiotics permanently stop bacterial reproduction
B. Resistant bacteria survive and pass on their traits
DNA and RNA are examples of which type of biomolecule?
A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Nucleic acids
D. Nucleic acids
A scientist identifies a cell that is small, lacks a nucleus, and contains circular DNA. Which conclusion is most accurate?
A. It is a eukaryotic cell because it lacks organelles
B. It is a prokaryotic cell because it has no nucleus
C. It is a plant cell because it contains DNA
D. It is an animal cell because it is small
B. It is a prokaryotic cell because it has no nucleus