Chemical foundations
What is the study of the activity and properties of molecules important to living systems?
What is Biochemistry
Which macromolecule group serves as the primary source of energy for animals and structure for plants?
Why is Carbohydrates?
The cell membrane is primarily composed of a bilayer of what specific lipid?
what is Phospholipids?
What is the movement of materials across a membrane without using cellular energy (ATP)?
what is Passive?
In which condition is the concentration of water inside the cell equal to the concentration outside?
what is Isotonic?
Along with hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which element makes up 96% of living things?
What is Carbon?
What is a single sugar molecule, such as glucose, called?
what is Monosaccharide?
Which molecule is found in the bilayer to help keep membrane fluidity consistent?
what is Cholesterol?
What is the movement of materials against a concentration gradient using ATP?
what is active?
Which type of solution has a higher water concentration than the cell, causing the cell to swell?
what is hypotonic?
What term describes a molecule, like water, that has both a positive and a negative charge?
What is Polar?
What is the term for "many sugars" or complex carbohydrates like starch?
what is Polysaccharide?
Which membrane component allows cells to "recognize" each other as belonging to the same organism?
what is Carbohydrates (or Glycoproteins)?
What is the specific term for the diffusion of water across a concentration gradient?
what is Osmosis?
Which type of solution has a lower water concentration than the cell, causing the cytoplasm to shrink?
what is Hypertonic?
What is the term for substances that are "water-loving" and dissolve in water?
what is Hydrophilic?
Proteins are composed of chains of what building blocks?
what is an amino Acid?
What term describes a membrane that selects or controls which substances may enter or leave?
what is Permeable (or Selectively)?
What state is reached when there is an equal distribution of molecules on both sides of a cell?
what is Equilibrium?
What is the internal pressure called when a plant cell’s vacuole pushes against the cell wall?
what is Turgor?
What is the term for "water-fearing" substances that do not dissolve in water?
what is Hydrophobic?
What specific type of protein acts as a biological catalyst, such as lactase or catalase?
what is Enzymes?
What type of transport protein lets molecules pass through the membrane based specifically on their shape?
what is Carrier?
What process occurs when vesicles move to the cell membrane to empty their contents outside the cell?
what is Exocytosis?
What is the term for an animal cell bursting after expanding in a hypotonic environment?
what is Lysis?