Basic Physics
One complete compression and expansion
What is 1 cycle?
The ability to identify two objects as different.
What is resolution?
(EC: What are three types of resolution?)
Allows detection and analysis of moving blood cells or myocardium and provided hemodynamic information
Photo 4
Name the cause of this artifact
What is breathing/motion artifact?
Four types of Doppler used during echo
What is pulsed wave (PW), continuous wave (CW), color flow (CF) and tissue doppler imaging (TDI)?
The distance traveled during 1 cycle
What is wavelength?
The distance from the transducer element to where it diverges.
What is the beam's near field?
Type of doppler that allows flow to be examined at very specific sites and is limited to maximum velocity that can be accurately records.
What is pulsed-wave doppler?
(EC: Define CW doppler)
The most common place to see side lobe artifact.
What is a dilated left atrium or ventricle.
One of the three reasons a pulsed-wave signal could appear with spectral broadening.
1. What is due to improper gain settings?
2. What is due to large intercept angle?
3. What is due to nonlaminar (turbulent) flow?
The opposition or resistance to the flow of sound through a medium
What is acoustic impedance?
(EC: Impedance depends upon X and X of the medium and is independent of X)
Transducers that send sound waves out in short bursts and receive sound the remainder of the time.
What is pulsed ultrasound?
(EC: Define pulse repetition frequency)
Photo 3
Hint: The change in frequency between sound that is sent out and sound that is refracted.
What is doppler shift?
Name a cardiology fun fact
What is a free space!
The maximum doppler shift frequency that can be correctly measured without resulting in aliasing in color or pulsed wave ultrasound.
What is the Nyquist limit
Photo 1
Fill in the blank
A: What is angle of incidence?
B: What is angle of reflection?
C: What is angle of refraction?
Photo 2
The effect demonstrated by this photo
What is axial resolution?
One of the 4 doppler related changes you could make to decrease or get ride of aliasing.
1. What is move the baseline up or down?
2. What is find an imaging plane where less depth is necessary?
3. What is use a lower transducer frequency?
4. What is switch to CW doppler?
Photo 5
Name the artifact
What is reverberation/mirror image artifact?
(EC: how do you minimize this artifact?)
When ultrasound is transmitted at one frequency and returned at twice or more the transmitted frequency.
What is tissue harmonic imaging?
The average velocity of a sound in soft tissue (m/s)
What is 1540 m/s?
Your favorite aspect of cardiology
What is a free space!
The doppler equation
What is V = (C x fd)/(2fo x cos theta)
Photo 6
Name the artifact
What is side lobe artifact?
Born 1803, this Austrian physicist and mathematician, was the first to describe the Doppler effect. (must include first, middle and last name)
Who is Christian Johann Doppler?