Bordetella pertussis
General questions
General questions
This bacterium, Bordetella parapertussis, is classified under this Gram type based on its cell wall structure.
Gram negative
This is the approximate incubation period (in days) for pertussis infection.
7–10 days
This is a major limitation of current acellular vaccines regarding infection.
failure to prevent colonization/transmission
This component of the two-component regulatory system in B. pertussis functions as the sensor kinase that detects environmental signals.
BvgS
Pertussis toxin (PT) from Bordetella pertussis contributes to systemic effects during infection. What are the two main roles of PT in causing these systemic effects?
Induction of lymphocytosis, increases circulating lymphocytes, which is a systemic hallmark of pertussis.
Disruption of host G-protein signaling, (blocks immune cell trafficking)
This is the primary mode of transmission for Bordetella pertussis between individuals.
respiratory droplets
This characteristic “whooping” sound occurs during this phase of coughing
Paroxysmal stage
the two clinical forms of infection caused by Bordetella pertussis
1. acute disease (pertussis or whooping cough, mainly occurs in neonates because the first vaccine is administered at two months of age)
2. asymptomatic infection (mainly in adolescents and adults; Waning natural/aPV immunity)
This two-component regulatory system controls the transition between bvg+/virulent (expression of most toxins and adhesins), bvgi/intermediate (commonly associated with transmission), and bvg-/avirulent phases
BvgAS system
preference site of initial attachment of B. pertussis
ciliated epithelium
This type of metabolism describes B. pertussis growth requirements (strict vs facultative)
aerobic
This stage of pertussis resembles a common cold with mild symptoms.
catarrhal stage
Antigens included in the aPV vaccine in USA
PTX, FHA, FIM2/3, PRN
This phase is characterized by high expression of toxins and adhesins in B. pertussis.
Bvg+ (virulent) phase
These environmental conditions (e.g., sulfate, nicotinic acid, low temperature) shift B. pertussis into this phase.
Bvg− (avirulent) phase
True of False. Bordetella parapertussis is known for infecting a wide range of mammals, unlike the human-restricted Bordetella pertussis.
False
This population is at highest risk for severe disease and mortality associated to pertussis.
infants
Bordetella pertussis lineage that is characterized by hyperproduction of PTX
This major adhesin mediates attachment of B. pertussis to ciliated epithelial cells.
FHA
Bps polysaccharide of Bordetella pertussis resists antimicrobial peptides by functioning as
surface shield
These are the three main species of the genus Bordetella commonly associated with human and animal infections.
B. pertussis
B. parapertussis
B. bronchiseptica
Common complications in neonates infected with B. pertussis
These are factors that contribute to pertussis resurgence
Vaccine efficacy
Bacterial adaptation (>Bps, >PTX <PRN)
Lack of immunization
Incomplete vaccine coverage
Type of secretion system used by B. pertussis to transport PTX
type IV secretion system
In Bordetella pertussis, Bps contributes to...
1. nasal mucosa attachment and colonization
2. biofilm formation
3. antimicrobial peptide resistance
4. transmission (in a mouse model of infection)